Over two thirds of dental practitioners in Wales use rotary NiTi endodontic technology with the majority having converted to such systems more than three years ago. There was, however, a significant disparity in NiTi usage between solely NHS practitioners (42%) and private practitioners (90%). Continued provision of high quality hands-on practical workshops may be of benefit in facilitating a positive initial NiTi experience in order to assist the transfer to these newer technologies.

Endodontic retreatment can be a challenging task that can result in many complications if not approached cautiously. Many of these difficulties revolve around regaining access to the pulp chamber through extensive coronal restorations and removing residual root filling material, the commonest being gutta-percha (GP), from within obturated canals. This can often be an untidy, time consuming process that places teeth at a greater risk of iatrogenic injury and inhibits the operator achieving the necessary chemical disinfection required to eliminate the persistent apical disease. Therefore the following article aims to aid practitioners, particularly those who are unfamiliar, with accessing and removing GP from endodontically treated teeth. The outlined systematic approach is accessible in general practice, where the vast majority of endodontic treatment is conducted, requires basic equipment and with the correct experience can be applied to both straight and curved canals. By overcoming this initial stage of retreatment, subsequent chemical disinfection, which is critical to success, can be carried out to a higher standard reducing risks of re-infection.

Infraocclusion is a term used to describe a tooth which has stopped its relative occlusal growth into the arch after the period of active eruption; as a result, they become depressed below the occlusal plane. Although many aetiological mechanisms have been proposed, ankylosis is considered the primary cause of infraocclusion. Complex cases benefit from multidisciplinary management. This paper concentrates on the diagnosis and management of infraoccluded second primary molars without permanent successors and without significant malocclusion and provides clinicians with a treatment decision tree to aid in treatment planning. In-brief points Early clinical and radiographic diagnosis of infraoccluded teeth. A treatment decision tree to aid in treatment planning infraoccluded primary molars in cases with missing permanent successor and without significant malocclusion.

Objective To evaluate the management of deep carious lesions with vital pulp therapy in permanent teeth by dental practitioners within Wales.Design Postal questionnaire.Setting General practitioners (GDS), community (CDS) and hospital-based dentists (HDS) in Wales.Methods Community and hospital dental services with a remit for provision of restorative dentistry (CDS = 71; HDS = 46) and general dental practitioners (N = 510) were approached regarding their management of deep carious lesions with vital pulp therapy in permanent teeth. The postal questionnaire took the form of an anonymous survey. Questions covered usage parameters, training issues and reasons for material choice.Results The response rate was 29%. The majority of HDS (89%) used MTA or Biodentine for vital pulp therapy in contrast to GDS (41%) and CDS (32%). The main reasons cited for avoiding the use of MTA or Biodentine included cost, lack of training and difficulty in material handling.Conclusion Usage of MTA or Biodentine for vital pulp therapies is low in the general dental and community dental settings. Cost and lack of training are the main barriers for the uptake of these materials. Postgraduate training may be useful in addressing these barriers. Increasing their adoption would be advantageous as they have been shown to produce a more predictable outcome compared to traditional materials (for example, calcium hydroxide).

In brief points 1. Provides an overview of teaching trends in implant dentistry within undergraduate dental schools in the UK and Ireland. 2. Highlights the differences in the amount of implant teaching between UK and Irish dental schools compared to other schools worldwide. 3. Identifies potential areas for improvements in implant teaching and discusses the challenges involved in developing and incorporating implant education into the undergraduate curricula.