The development of alternative animal health products is one way to reduce antibiotic use in agriculture. However, little economic research is directed at animal pharma. While programs to incentivize research and development (R&D) for human drugs have been adopted, analogous programs in veterinary pharma are only at the proposal stage. We describe the broad "push" and "pull" incentive mechanisms for human pharma, and analyze the differences in employing these in veterinary pharma. Using newly compiled data on veterinary drug approvals and firmlevel R&D, we also present data on trends in drug development for veterinary pharma.
Urinary tract infection is the commonest type of hospital-acquired infection and is particularly associated with catheter drainage. Micro-organisms may enter through the lumen of the catheter or between the catheter and the wall of the urethra. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common aetiological agent, and owing to its pronounced resistance to antimicrobials the choice of an appropriate drug is limited. Gentamicin has a valuable place in therapy;
A case of Clostridium welchii septicaemia following acute cholecystitis is described. The onset was acute and a rapidly fatal outcome ensued. Radiological findings were negative. An approach to the antibiotic treatment and general management is discussed.
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