Volumen-POD-Daten wurde eingeführt, bei der die Daten von verschiedenen Prüfungen des gleichen Bauteils stammen, um eine Gesamt-POD des ZfP-Systems zu erhalten. vi am truly indebted and thankful to my colleague and friend Kazunori Takahashi for countless discussions, advices, patience, support and friendship. It is an honour for me to thank my supervisor Christian Boller. I owe sincere and earnest thankfulness to Ulf Ronneteg from SKB for his endless support and help with experiments. I would like to show my gratitude to Jorma Pitkänen from Posiva Oy for the inspiration and wisdom he extended. I would like to thank Vladimir Spokoiny from WIAS for the statistical insights and advices he shared. I am obliged to Rainer Boehm from BAM for assistance and support in simulation. I am also indebted to many of my colleagues in BAM for fruitful discussions and support, in the first place Christian Golwitzer, Daniel Kanzler and Gerd-Rüdiger Jaenisch. I would like to show my gratitude to the head of the department Uwe Ewert for his unreserved support. I am grateful to Anton Erhard for sharing his expertise in discussions that made the thesis more concise. Finally, I would like to thank my family and friends for their love and patience. ii Contents List of Figures v List of Tables vii Glossary ix True positive Correct reporting of a flaw indication from a part of a test object which, indeed, contains a flaw x
The aim of this publication is to provide an overview of new methodologies for evaluating the reliability of NDE systems in accordance with the specific requirements of industrial applications. After a review of the substantive issues of the previous decades, the go forward guidance is concluded. For high safety demands a quantitative POD (Probability of Detection) created from hit/miss experiments or signal response analysis and ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) are typically created. The modular reliability model distinguishes between the pure physical-technical influence, industrial application factors, and human factors. It helps to learn which factors can be determined by modeling and by open or blind trials. A new paradigm is offered to consider the POD or reliability of the system as a function of the configuration of input variables and is used for optimization rather than for a final judgement. New approaches are considered dealing with real defects in a realistic environment, affordable but precisely like the Bayesian approach or model assisted methods. Among the influencing parameters, human factors are of high importance. A systematic psychological approach helps to find out where the bottlenecks are and shows possibilities for improvement.
Materials Testing 56 (2014) 7-8 the participants from the topics C, D and E joined forces and discussed the topics as one group. The groups separated and, under the lead of an expert, i. e., the group leader, the different issues were discussed. At the end of the day the groups were asked to present the content and the results of their work. Every group leader wrote a summary of the discussion. The purpose of this publication is to present the summaries of the held discussions and, therewith, share the main conclusions with the NDT community.
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