This paper describes a user study conducted to evaluate the use of smooth animated transitions between directories in a three-dimensional, tree-map visualization. We looked specifically at the task of returning to a previously visited directory after either an animated or instantaneous return to the root location. The results of the study show that animation is a double-edged sword. Even though users take more shortcuts, they also make more severe navigational errors. It seems as though the promise of a more direct route to the target directory, which animation provides, somehow precludes users who navigate incorrectly from applying a successful recovery strategy.
Interactive web documentaries have the potential to engage people with important topics through innovative storytelling approaches. Understanding how users interact with web documentaries and to what extent they consume their content can help documentary filmmakers reach a broader or more engaged audience. In this article, we provide an in-depth and quantitative analysis of an interactive web documentary called iOtok. The 13 episodes of iOtok were launched on an online portal showcasing a variety of features (chat, souvenirs, animated 360 panoramas, etc.), on a weekly basis. Through the analysis of more than 20 000 sessions, newsletter statistics and one online questionnaire, we discuss the impact of serialization and interactivity on audience reception and user engagement. Data show that in the case of iOtok, serialization had a positive impact (large number of sessions over time, long time on site). However, and somehow unexpectedly, every click led to a considerable amount of users dropping off and quitting the web portal before reaching the core videos. This article also addresses other aspects of web documentaries, such as the efficiency of various media to reach and engage users over time and differences in behaviors between registered and unregistered users.
Purpose: Personal projects are any kind of projects whose management is left to an individual untrained in project management and is greatly influenced by this individual's personal touch. This includes the majority of knowledge workers who daily manage information relating to several personal projects. We have conducted an in-depth qualitative investigation on information management of such projects and the tacit knowledge behind its processes that cannot be found in the organisational structures of current Personal Information Management (PIM) tools (file managers, email clients, web browsers). The aim is to reveal and understand project information management practices in details and provide guidelines for personal project management tools.Design/methodology/approach: Semi-structured interviews similar to that in several other PIM exploratory studies were carried out focusing on project fragmentation, information overlap and project context recreation. In addition, we enhanced interviews with sketching approach not yet used to study PIM. Sketches ware used for articulating things that were not easily expressed through words, they represented a time stamp of a project context in the projects' lifetime, uncovered additional tacit knowledge behind project information management not mentioned during the interviews, and were also used to find what they have in common which might be used in prototype designing. Findings:The paper presents first personal project definition based on the conceptualisations derived from the study. The study revealed that the extensive information fragmentation in the file hierarchy (due to different organisational needs and ease of information access) poses a significant challenge to context recreation besides cross-tool fragmentation so far described in the literature. The study also reveals the division of project information into core and support and emphasises the importance of support information in relation to project goals. Other findings uncover the division of input/output information, project overlaps through information reuse, storytelling and visualising information relations, which could help with user modeling and enhancing project context recreation. Research limitations/implications:One of the limitations is the group of participants that cannot represent the ideally generalised knowledge worker as there are many different kinds of knowledge workers and they all have different information needs besides different management practices. However, participants of variety of different backgrounds were observed and we converged observations into points of project information management similarities across the spectrum of different professions. Nevertheless, its observations and conceptualisations should be repeatable. For one, some of the issues that emerged during this work have been to different extents discussed in other studies. Practical implications:The empirical findings are used to create guidelines for designing personal project information management tools:-s...
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