Over the years, various studies addressing different populations have consistently raised concerns about the unidimensionality of the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale. In the present study, the factorial structure of the scale was examined by comparing it to alternative models. In a sample of 1,157 French Canadian teachers, results of confirmatory factor analysis support a three-factor model solution. Support for the invariance of this model across sexes and teaching levels (i.e., elementary and high school) was also obtained.

The study was designed to test the relationship of principals' transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership with teachers' collective efficacy. Bandura's theory of efficacy applied to the group and Bass's transformational leadership theory were used as the theoretical framework. Participants included 487 French Canadian teachers from 40 public high schools. As expected, there were positive and significant correlations between principals' transformational and transactional leadership and teachers' collective efficacy. Also, there was a negative and significant correlation between laissez-faire leadership and teachers' collective efficacy. Moreover, regression analysis showed transformational leadership significantly enhanced the predictive capabilities of transactional leadership on teachers' collective efficacy. These results confirm the importance of leadership to predict collective efficacy and, by doing so, strengthen Bass's theory of leadership.