Addictive behaviours invite us as clinicians and researchers to focus at all times on the subject hidden behind the addictive object, particularly during the process of subjectivation embodied by adolescence. This article is the fruit of international comparative research to explore the prism of personalities of adolescents and young adults with addictions living in France, Switzerland, and Quebec. This study involved 94 participants, aged between 14 and 32. They were divided into a clinical group (54 subjects) and a control group (40 subjects). The methodology consisted of two complementary instruments: the MMPI-A personality test and the CaMIR attachment self-report questionnaire. The results highlighted personality traits common to all three countries: depression, psychopathic deviance, anxiety, social discomfort, social alienation, and physical complaints. They also showed the predominance in all addicts of insecure attachment (detached rather than preoccupied). There were also variations between countries. The Swiss and French young people share a particularly low level of hypomania and a high level of social introversion, whereas the Quebec data showed paranoia as a distinctive trait. The results will be discussed from an institutional perspective in particular, taking into account the treatment practices available to young addicts in the three countries in our study.
La période actuelle, dite « moderne », nous convoque à une restructuration du rapport aux objets. Nos contemporains réinventent le discours théorique, teinté de néologismes, afin de saisir ce qui est induit par cette modernité. De l’individu à l’hyper-consommateur, le capitalisme du xx e siècle nous a transportés vers un monde de plus-de-jouir, véhiculant lui-même l’hyper-consommation. De cette dernière, certains sujets peuvent trouver une fonction dans l’addiction. L’énigme de cette clinique est de pouvoir entendre, dans cet innommable que constitue une conduite addictive, si la fonction est dépendante d’une catégorisation. La question qui sera ici posée est la suivante : se peut-il qu’il existe une fonction propre au genre féminin quand on parle d’addiction ? À travers trois cas cliniques, venant d’horizons nationaux différents, nous étudierons cette fonction sous le prisme du rapport à la projection maternelle.
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