One experimental model of diabetes mellitus (DM) similar to type II DM, called n5-STZ, is obtained by a single injection (via i.p.) of streptozotocin (STZ) in the 5th day of life of newborn rats. The present investigation aimed to characterize alterations in excitability of rat peripheral neurons in n5-STZ model. n5-STZ DM was induced, and electrophysiological evaluation was done at 12th week of rat life. Rats developed glucose intolerance, sensory alteration, and hyperglycemia or near-normoglycemia (21.2 ± 1.6 and 7.4 ± 0.4 mmol/L). In near-normoglycemia group the significant electrophysiological alteration observed was decreased in amplitude of 2nd wave (2nd component, conduction velocity: 48.8 m/s) of compound action potential (CAP) of sciatic nerve. For hyperglycemic rats, decreased excitability, amplitude, and conduction velocity of 2nd CAP component of sciatic nerve were found; a depolarization of resting potential (4-5 mV) and reduction in maximum ascendant and descendant inclinations of action potential were found in DRG neurons but no alteration on Na+ current (INa+). Thus, n5-STZ rats develop alterations in excitability which were related to glycemic levels but were not likely attributable to changes on INa+. Our data confirm that n5-STZ model is a useful model to study type II DM.