Contamination of waters by 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) has increased in recent years due to the increase in the fish farms production. This work describes the determination of the MT hormone by a new spectrophotometric method in the visible region, after the reaction with potassium nitroprusside with the generation of a compound having maximum absorbance at 400 nm. To understand the process of the compound formation, geometry optimizations were performed at MPW1PW91/6-311+G (2d,2p) level of theory and the calculations showing that the NO group of nitroprusside bonds to the carbon with double bond adjacent to the carbonyl of 17α-methyltestosterone. In this method, MT was determined at the concentration between 8.0 x 10 -8 and 2.7 x 10 -7 mol L -1 with a coefficient of determination of 0.9946. The relative standard deviation for the repeatability in nine replicates was 2.37% for [MT] = 1.50 x 10 -7 mol L -1 . Limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 1.75 x 10 -8 mol L -1 and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was established as the lowest value of the linear concentration range (8.0 x 10 -8 mol L -1 ). This spectrophotometric method was suitable according to the analysis of analytical figures of merit, it has low cost and can be applied to samples of fish farm waters with portable spectrophotometers for in situ measurements, increasing the environmental control with rapid analysis.
O lançamento de efluentes da piscicultura contendo o hormônio sintético 17α-metiltestosterona, amplamente empregado na masculinização dos alevinos, evidencia a necessidade de adequar técnicas de tratamento de efluentes para sua remoção ou imobilização na mitigação de possíveis impactos ambientais. Com o intuito de investigar um tratamento adequado e acessível para o efluente contendo o hormônio 17α-metiltestosterona, assim como utilizar material alternativo descartado de processos industriais, foram montados quatro protótipos de wetlands construídos contendo como substrato areia de filtro de piscina ou o resíduo de filtro de cervejaria terra diatomácea, realizando-se análises de UV/VIS, pH, condutividade elétrica, turbidez, DBO5 e DQO, verificando o desenvolvimento vegetal, retenção do hormônio, hidrodinâmica do sistema, a caracterização do resíduo de terra diatomácea e análises de MEV e EDS de amostra da terra diatomácea in natura e a granulometria da areia, sendo empregados dois tipos de processos de tratamento: batelada e em fluxo contínuo. O sistema contendo o resíduo terra diatomácea favoreceu o desenvolvimento vegetal e todos os parâmetros aferidos ficaram de acordo com a legislação vigente e não houve presença detectada do hormônio a jusante do sistema proposto.
With the increase in fish production in fish farming systems, mainly tilapia, the use of the hormone 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) as an inducer of the masculinization of fry has grown together. The probability of contamination of natural resources also tends to increase, and there is no Brazilian law that regulates the content of this hormone in waters. The study of the interaction of the hormone with the typical soil of the producing regions is essential to understand the factors that influence its adsorption. This work used two samples of Eutropherric Red Oxisols and the conditions of the interaction of the hormone in static (resting), and dynamic (agitation) processes were evaluated, using isothermal models. The results showed that the higher organic matter content of the soil and the higher salinity of the aqueous medium increases the adsorption of MT in the soil in the static process. For the dynamic process, the Fe content influences the higher adsorption in soil. The pH of the medium does not affect the adsorption in any of the processes. The adsorption has exothermic characteristics, and the adsorption equilibrium is reached in 24 hours, and the Freundlich model for the soil 1 sample and the Temkin model for the soil 2 sample is the most suitable for the adsorption process. According to parameters calculated for the Dubinin isotherm, soil adsorption tends to have chemical interactions between adsorbent-adsorbate. These results show concern for the amount of adsorbed hormone sediment in fish farming tanks and their release to the water body, with the possibility of contamination of natural resources.
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