SummaryIntracranial hypotension (IH) is an uncommon, benign, and usually self-limiting condition caused by low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, usually due to CSF leakage. The dominant clinical finding is an orthostatic headache. Other common clinical features include fever, nausea, vomiting, and tinnitus.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with IH. Specific MRI findings include intracranial pachymeningeal enhancement, sagging of the brain, pituitary enlargement, and subdural fluid collections.Intracranial hypotension can mimic other conditions such as aseptic meningitis or pituitary adenomas. Differential diagnosis is important, because misdiagnosis may lead to unnecessary procedures and prolonged morbidity.
Intracranial hypotension (IH) is an uncommon, benign, and usually self-limiting condition caused by low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, usually due to CSF leakage. The dominant clinical finding is an orthostatic headache. Other common clinical features include fever, nausea, vomiting, and tinnitus.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with IH. Specific MRI findings include intracranial pachymeningeal enhancement, sagging of the brain, pituitary enlargement, and subdural fluid collections.Intracranial hypotension can mimic other conditions such as aseptic meningitis or pituitary adenomas. Differential diagnosis is important, because misdiagnosis may lead to unnecessary procedures and prolonged morbidity.
Background Over the past 4 decades, gluteal augmentation has increased tremendously in popularity. Therefore, numerous techniques have been developed to provide patients with the best possible outcomes. The submuscular technique has been proven to be a reliable option for a broad cohort of patients. Objectives The main objective of the present retrospective study is to describe the characteristics and clinical outcomes of a group of patients that underwent gluteal augmentation using the submuscular technique. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 female patients that underwent submuscular gluteal augmentation with silicone implants from August 2019 to May 2022. All of the patients were operated on by the authors of the present study. Results Information about the patient demographic, implants, complications, and treatments was analyzed. Moreover, the satisfaction of the patients was assessed with a short survey. The most frequent complication was wound dehiscence. Only 7 patients necessitated surgical revisions, while two required isolated antibiotic therapy. All complications were effectively addressed, and no implants had to be removed. Furthermore, the retrospective analysis revealed a noteworthy association between the size of the implant and the occurrence of complications. Conclusions In the authors’ opinion, the submuscular method provides the best aesthetic results and adequate safety for the patients. It significantly minimizes the possibility of complications, such as fluid collection due to muscle fiber dissection or implant exposure/extrusion.
Background. Venous insufficiency is still a serious clinical problem. The exact cause and molecular mechanisms of this disease are still unknown. In this study, we try to identify whether there is a difference in the level of trace elements between healthy and pathological veins. Our results show that insufficient veins have different levels of some trace elements: magnesium, calcium, manganese, and silicon compared to control samples. This study could lead to a better understanding of the molecular causes of venous insufficiency and may help to develop better methods of treatment.
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