Using information theoretic measures, relations between heart rhythm, repolarization in the tissue of the heart, and the diastolic interval time series are analyzed. These processes are a fragment of the cardiovascular physiological network. A comparison is made between the results for 84 (42 women) healthy individuals and 65 (45 women) long QT syndrome type 1 (LQTS1) patients. Self-entropy, transfer entropy, and joint transfer entropy are calculated for the three time series and their combinations. The results for self-entropy indicate the well-known result that regularity of heart rhythm for healthy individuals is larger than that of QT interval series. The flow of information depends on the direction with the flow from the heart rhythm to QT dominating. In LQTS1 patients, however, our results indicate that information flow in the opposite direction may occur—a new result. The information flow from the heart rhythm to QT dominates, which verifies the asymmetry seen by Porta et al. in the variable tilt angle experiment. The amount of new information and self-entropy for LQTS1 patients is smaller than that for healthy individuals. However, information transfers from RR to QT and from DI to QT are larger in the case of LQTS1 patients.
In this paper, we studied the time-domain irreversibility of time series, which is a fundamental property of systems in a nonequilibrium state. We analyzed a subgroup of the databases provided by University of Rochester, namely from the THEW Project. Our data consists of LQTS (Long QT Syndrome) patients and healthy persons. LQTS may be associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD), which is still a big clinical problem. ECG-based artificial intelligence methods can identify sudden cardiac death with a high accuracy. It follows that heart rate variability contains information about the possibility of SCD, which may be extracted, provided that appropriate methods are developed for this purpose. Our aim was to assess the complexity of both groups using visibility graph (VG) methods. Multivariate analysis of connection patterns of graphs built from time series was performed using multiplex visibility graph methods. For univariate time series, time irreversibility of the ECG interval QT of patients with LQTS was lower than for the healthy. However, we did not observe statistically significant difference in the comparison of RR intervals time series of the two groups studied. The connection patterns retrieved from multiplex VGs have more similarity with each other in the case of LQTS patients. This observation may be used to develop better methods for SCD risk stratification.
Książka znanego filozofia hiszpańskiego Gerardo Lópeza Sastre'a pt. John Stuart Mill. El utilitarismo que cambiaría el mundo ukazała się w 2016 r. jako kolejna pozycja z serii wydawniczej "Descubrir la filosofia". Ideą tej serii, promowanej przez "El Pais", jest przybliżenie poglądów wybitnych filozofów osobom niekoniecznie zaznajomionym z meandrami myśli filozoficznej. Ma ona zatem charakter popularyzatorski, co przysporzyło jej ogromnego sukcesu wydawniczego zarówno na terenie Hiszpanii, jak i poza jej granicami. Autor, który wielokrotnie publikował prace m.in. z zakresu filozofii polityki oraz etyki, ma wszelkie predyspozycje do przekazania czytelnikowi poglądów Milla w przystępny sposób. Warto wspomnieć fakt, iż López Sastre zaznacza już we wstępie, że znaczenie filozofii Milla nie opiera się wyłącznie na jej oddziaływaniu historycznym, ale przede wszystkim na tym, że jest ona ciągle żywa, mimo odmiennego kontekstu społeczno-kulturowego (s. 9). Rozdział pierwszy (Una vida extraordinaria) opisuje barwny życiorys angielskiego myśliciela. Autor w niezwykle ciekawy sposób prezentuje biograficzne fakty, które mogły mieć duże znaczenie dla rozwoju późniejszych idei Milla. Uwagę przykuwa przede wszystkim kwestia edukacji, którą Mill odebrał nie w szkole, Pobrane z czasopisma Annales I-Philosophy and Sociology http://philosophia.annales.umcs.pl
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