Introduction: Faculty members are considered as basic resources of every university. Therefore, educational needs assessment in order to empower most faculty members is an inseparable part of educational planning. Methods: The study was conducted using a descriptive cross sectional method. The population consisted of university professors. About 65% professors participated. The reliability and validity of data collection tool, a self-made researcher questionnaire, was approved according to different studies. The participants were selected through census method and the results were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The highest priority of the professors in this study included the realms of modern methods and techniques of teaching (68%), training tips and consultation (62%), methods of professional promotion (61%), academic regulations and rules (58/3%), applying computers in education (55%), evidence-based practice (47%), and student assessment methods (43%). Among different academic ranks (p=. / 043) or instructors of basic sciences and clinical sciences (p =. / 053), there was no statistically significant difference between the instructors' preference to attend the workshops virtually or in person and they mostly preferred to attend the workshops in person. Conclusion: Holding educational workshops, considering educational priorities, to empower professors functionally, seems necessary.

Background:Hepatitis B virus is one of the important viral causes of liver inflammation with high worldwide prevalence and important hepatic and extra hepatic complications.Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.Patients and Methods:For this descriptive, analytical, population-based study, 3000 participants older than 15 years were enrolled according to the clustering method. After obtaining written informed consent and taking required blood samples, we gathered data on demographic status and probable transmission routes of disease using questionnaire between 2012 and 2013. The data was analyzed using SPSS software (descriptive parameters and chi-square). P value below 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results:The mean age of participants was 38.4 ± 16.3. The seroprevalence rate of hepatitis B was found to be 1.3% (95% CI, 0.95%-1.81%). Prevalence of HBeAg among HBsAg positive participants was 2.5% (only 1 of 40). Seroprevalence was higher in male group (2.5 times higher than women), age group of over 55 years, farmers, and non-public occupations. Positive seroprevalence was associated with a history of renal disease, familial transmission, transfusion, surgery in hospital, circumcision, contact with hepatitis B infected individuals, imprisonment, intravenous (IV) drug abuse, and smoking (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, the highest odds ratio (OR) was obtained for history of renal disease (OR = 7.64: 3.01-18.4), followed by imprisonment (OR = 5.4: 1.86 -15.7) and IV drug abuse (OR = 5.68: 1.3-24.7).Conclusions:Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province could be categorized as a low endemic region for hepatitis B infection, with a seroprevalence similar to that in other provinces of western Iran. Vaccination seems to influence its decrease, especially in adolescents and youth. More surveillance and attention to risk factors are suggested to identify high-risk groups and to implement vaccination.

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