PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to improve the lattice Boltzmann method’s ability to simulate a microflow under constant heat flux.Design/methodology/approachDevelop the thermal lattice Boltzmann method based on double population of hydrodynamic and thermal distribution functions.FindingsThe buoyancy forces, caused by gravity, can change the hydrodynamic properties of the flow. As a result, the gravity term was included in the Boltzmann equation as an external force, and the equations were rewritten under new conditions.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current study is the first attempt to investigate mixed-convection heat transfer in an inclined microchannel in a slip flow regime.
SUMMARYThis paper studied on magnetohydrodynamics flow and heat transfer outside a stretching cylinder. Momentum and energy equations are reduced using similarity transformation and converted into a system of ordinary differential equations which are solved analytically by the homotopy analysis method. The effects of the parameters involved, namely the magnetic parameter (M), Prandtl number (Pr) and Reynolds number (Re) on the velocity and temperature fields are investigated.The obtained results are valid for the whole solutions' domain with high accuracy. These methods can be easily extended to other linear and nonlinear equations and so can be found widely applicable in engineering and sciences.
In this work, nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) were synthesized by means of TiCl 4 as precursor. Effects of alcohol type, calcination, gelatinizing time and microwave exposure on the particle size, morphology, crystallinity and particle phase are studied using XRD patterns and SEM images. Results showed that alcohols such as ethanol increased the particle size; calcination increased the particle size and improved the crystallinity of particles. Microwave exposure of particles resulted in smaller particles; adding water increased the impact of microwave. Effect of microwave exposure in rutile phase formation is also observed during this study.
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