Benzobicyclon will be the first 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)–inhibiting herbicide available in US rice production pending registration completion. An observation of benzobicyclon controlling weedy rice in two field trials prompted a greenhouse and field evaluation to determine if benzobicyclon would control weedy rice accessions from Arkansas, Mississippi, and southeastern Missouri. A total of 100 accessions were screened in the greenhouse and field. Percentage mortality was determined in the greenhouse, and percentage control was recorded in the field. Benzobicyclon at 371 g ai ha–1 caused at least 80% mortality of 22 accessions in the greenhouse and at least 80% control of 30 accessions in the field. For most accessions, individual plants within the accession varied in response to benzobicyclon. Based on these results, the sensitivity of weedy rice to benzobicyclon varies across accessions collected in the midsouthern United States, and it may provide an additional control option for weedy rice in some fields.
Benzobicyclon is the first 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-inhibiting herbicide pursued for commercial registration in U.S. rice production. A study was conducted in 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the response of eight rice cultivars to post-flood application timings of benzobicyclon at 494 g ai ha-1(proposed 2X rate). ‘Caffey’, ‘CL151’, ‘CLXL745’, ‘Jupiter’, ‘LaKast’, ‘Mermentau’, ‘Roy J’, and ‘XL753’ were evaluated in response to applications of benzobicyclon. The highest level of visible injury was observed in LaKast at 7% in 2015. No visible injury was detected among other cultivars either year at 2 weeks after treatment. In 2015 and 2016, no more than a four-day delay to reach 50% heading occurred across all cultivars. Rough rice yield was not affected by any of the post-flood application timings of benzobicyclon. A second study was conducted in 2016 at three locations throughout Arkansas to investigate the tolerance of 19tropical japonica(inbred and hybrid) and twoindicainbred cultivars to a premix containing benzobicyclon at 494 g ai ha-1and halosulfuron at 72 g ai ha-1 applied 1 week after flooding. Thetropical japonicacultivars have excellent crop safety to benzobicyclon while application to theindicacultivars, Rondo and Purple Marker, expressed severe phytotoxicity. Benzobicyclon caused less than a 2 d delay in heading to thejaponicacultivars. Rough rice yield of thetropical japonicacultivars was not affected by benzobicyclon while yields of bothindicacultivars were negatively affected. Benzobicyclon can safely be applied to drill-seededtropical japonicainbred and hybrid cultivars in a post-flood application without concerns for crop injury. Benzobicyclon should not be used onindicacultivars as it will cause severe injury, delayed heading, and yield loss.
One experiment was conducted from 2015 to 2016 on a Calloway and Dewitt silt loam soil near Pine Tree (pH 8.3) and Stuttgart (pH 6.0), Arkansas, respectively. The objective was to evaluate the potential for a benzobicyclon application to carryover from rice and cause damage to corn, cotton, grain sorghum, soybean, and sunflower planted the subsequent year. No injury or stand reduction occurred for any crop after applications of benzobicyclon at 0.22 and 0.44 lb a.i. acre−1 at either location. Grain sorghum had a 29% height reduction at Pine Tree at 12 d after planting (DAP); however, no differences in height occurred at Stuttgart, and by 40 DAP, all heights were similar between treated and nontreated plots at both locations. Plant height of corn, cotton, soybean, and sunflower was not reduced in treated plots. At Pine Tree, 53 and 56% reductions in corn yield resulted from benzobicyclon at 0.22 and 0.44 lb acre−1, respectively, whereas cotton, grain sorghum, and soybean yields were not affected by benzobicyclon residues. Yields of all crops at Stuttgart were not negatively affected by benzobicyclon application the previous year. This research shows that benzobicyclon applied to rice is unlikely to injure cotton and soybean or to have a negative impact on crop yield the in subsequent growing season.
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