This article presents the results of research on increasing fiber yield and improving product quality by using a new design of the vas deferens from the working chamber. It has been experimentally established that the most rational in terms of yield and quality of fiber, seeds and gin productivity is the position of the seed comb when the axes of its pegs are directed 5-10 degrees above the axis of the saw cylinder. The smallest value of complete hairiness of seeds after gin was obtained when installing a lamellar seed comb. Its average value was 13.8%. At the same time, the fiber yield was maximum - 34.66%, and the highest productivity - 8.5 kg of fiber per saw per hour. The influence of the distance between the ends of the seed comb pegs and grates at their values of 10, 20, 30 mm on the ginning indices was investigated. A distance of 20 mm is recognized as optimal taking into account all indicators - fiber yield, complete pubescence, productivity, quality of fiber and seeds. An experimental working chamber equipped with lamellar combs was made. It has been tested in the production conditions of a pilot cotton mill.
Article issues of decrease in amplitude of dynamic fluctuations of saw cylinders of gins and linter for the purpose of reduction of a deviation of saws from the plane of rotation and contact with saws of grates are consecrated. Mathematical models for calculation of flexural fluctuations of a shaft of a saw cylinder, taking into account intensity of placement of the mass moments of inertia, a technique of the solution of the equation of flexural fluctuations of a saw cylinder with variable intensity of weight and flexural rigidity of sections are given. Data on a new design of saw cylinders with use between the saw laying made on a polymeric basis and equipped with steel pins.
Results of studies on extending the time operation of gin and linter grates by hardening of the working area by high-frequency current are given in article. Mathematical models for calculation of key parameters of the mode of hardening of the working area of gin and linter grates are made. As a result of the executed researches the following conclusions are drawn: change of a gap between grates in a grate lattice leads to change of parameters of process of ginning and finally to deterioration of products. Mathematical models for calculations of parameters of process of hardening of the working area of grates are received. On the received mathematical models key parameters of hardening process current of high frequency which have the following values are calculated: depth of the tempered layer – 2.0 mm, the optimum frequency of current – 60000, specific power – 500 W/cm2, hardening time – 10, studying hardness tempered and not tempered sites of grates by method of Rockwell showed increase in hardness of the tempered site to HRC 55 against HRC 45 at not tempered by the working area.
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