Diabetic retinopathy is a vascular disorder affecting the microvasculature of retina. It is caused by changes in the blood vessels of retina. If untreated, it may lead to blindness. Therefore if diagnosed and treated promptly, blindness is usually preventable. In ophthalmology, Colour Doppler Imaging is a new method that enables us to assess the orbital vasculature. Duplex color Doppler ultrasonography is the investigation of choice to assess retinal arterial flow velocities very quickly without any invasive procedure for qualitative and quantitative assessment of blood flow velocities. This study was performed to observe the difference between Doppler flow velocity indices of retinal artery in Type-II Diabetics subjects without retinopathy and those of normal control subjects. This case-control study was carried out in the Radiology department, BIRDEM for two years. All the selected subjects underwent Duplex Doppler ultrasonography of both eyes using 5 to 7.5 MHz linear phase transducer. Findings included spectral analysis, those were PSV, EDV and RI. Unpaired ttest was done to compare blood flow velocity indices of retinal artery in type-II diabetic patients without retinopathy and that of healthy control adult subjects and a P value <0.05 was taken as significant. Majority (42.5%) of patients were in 4th decade in diabetic subjects with male predominant, which was 58.7%. The mean duration of diabetes was 4.56 + 2.1 years. In the current study, it was found that the mean resistive index (RI) in 80 diabetic patients without retinopathy was (0.75 + 0.04) ranging 0.66-0.81. And that of 80 healthy subjects was (0.64 + 0.02) ranging 0.600.70.1n this study the mean differences of retinal arterial RI in diabetic eyes without retinopathy and healthy control eyes was statistically significant (p<0-05) in unpaired 't' test. From the result of present study it can be concluded that, there is statistically significant increased retinal arterial resistivity index of type-II diabetic patients without retinopathy. Higher RI in type-II diabetics may predict the early haemodynamic changes in the retinal artery of these patients before the clinical onset of retinopathy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmjk.v47i1-2.22555 Bang Med J (Khulna) 2014; 47 : 7-11
Background: Breast tumor remains a worldwide public health problem for women. Linear array sonography is currently one of the main diagnostic methods for detecting breast lumps. Duplex color Doppler sonography has been helpful to distinguish malignant from benign breast disease and also to predict the disease prognosis. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of spectral Doppler as a method to measure the vascular resistance index in differential diagnosis between the benign and malignant breast neoplasm. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in department of Radiology & Imaging of Enam Medical College & Hospital during January 2015 to December 2017. Sonography was done in 153 women having breast lumps. Among them histopathology was done in 105 cases. Ultrasonographic findings and histopathological report analyses were done using SPSS 13.0. Results: The study was done in 105 women with mean age 31.6 ± 4.5 years. On ultrasonogram, lesions were diagnosed as benign in 65 (62%) cases and malignant in 40 (38%) cases. Out of sonographically diagnosed 65 benign lesions having peripheral vascularity and decreased RI, 63 (97%) were proved benign histopathologically. With these criteria for diagnosis of benign lesion, sensitivity was 94%, specificity 92%, positive predictive value 95%, negative predictive value 89% and accuracy 93%. Sonographically 40 lesions were diagnosed as malignant. Among them 37 (92.5%) cases were proven malignant histopathologically and showed central vascularity and increased RI having sensitivity of 92%, specificity 94%, positive predictive value 89%, negative predictive value 95% and accuracy 93%. Conclusion: The analysis of vascular resistance index combined with findings on grayscale sonographic images correlates well with histopathological reports and can be of great assistance in the assessment of breast masses with high sensitivity and specificity. J Enam Med Col 2019; 9(2): 97-103
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common oral malignancy, with a relatively poor prognosis. Treatment of oral cancer has a major impact on afflicted patients because it affects speech, swallowing and mastication. Surgery is the main treatment of oral cancer, as a single modality or combined with radiotherapy. Vigilance is vital for early diagnosis and better overall prognosis.
Background: In perinatal asphyxia, hypoxic ischemic brain injury remains most serious condition causing significant mortality and long term morbidity. Early detection of intracranial changes and its consequences will enhance timely intervention and better out come. Cranial sonography can be done to assess the abnormalities of brain in perinatal asphyxia. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate usefulness of cranial sonography in perinatal asphyxia.Methods: This was an observational study conducted from March 2014 to February 2015 at department of radiology and imaging, Enam Medical College and Hospital. Total 100 neonates with perinatal asphyxia were included in this study. Cranial USG was done in all cases and sonographic abnormalities were evaluated.Result: 56 term (>37 weeks of gestation ) and 44preterm (<37 weeks of gestation ) newborn having birth asphyxia were taken as cases in this study. Common cranial sonographic findings of preterm babies were periventricular leukomalacia 29% (13), germinal matrix hemorrhage 14% (6), Intraventricular hemorrhage 11% (5) cerebral oedema 7% (3) and normal 39% (17). Common cranial USG findings in term babies were cerebral oedema 43% (24), intracerebral hemorrhage 5% (3), Focal cerebral infarct 4% (2), Intraventricular hemorrhage 2% (1) and normal 46% (26).Conclusion: This study found that transcranial sonography is useful to identify the abnormalities in brain of asphyxiated neonate and helps to predict the neurodevelopmental outcome. So proper management plan can be done.J MEDICINE January 2016; 17 (1) : 12-16
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