Ferrihemoproteins in buffer solutions bind nitric oxide to yield their nitric oxide adducts. Reversible binding of NO was found for ferricytochrome c (Cyt III ) and metmyoglobin (Mb III ) at pH values lower than ca. 7.0. The equilibrium constants were obtained as (1.6 ( 0.1) × 10 4 M -1 for Cyt III and (1.3 ( 0.1) × 10 4 M -1 for Mb III . At higher pH, the reversible formation of the NO adducts is no longer observed; the NO adduct of Cyt III (Cyt III -NO) undergoes reduction to ferrocytochrome c, Cyt II , and that of Mb III (Mb III -NO) to the nitrosyl adduct of Mb II (Mb II -NO). Methemoglobin (Hb III ) reacts readily with NO even at pH < 6 to give the nitrosyl adduct of hemoglobin (Hb II -NO). The rates for the formation of Cyt II , Mb II -NO, and Hb II -NO were measured as functions of NO and OHconcentrations. Kinetic analysis indicates that Cyt III -NO and Mb III -NO undergo nucleophilic attack by OHat higher pH to yield Cyt II and Mb II , respectively. Mb II thus produced further reacts with NO to give Mb II -NO. For Hb III , the nitrosyl adduct (Hb III -NO) was found to react with both OHand H 2 O to give Hb II -NO in the presence of excess NO. The rate constants for the reaction between the nitrosyl ferrihemoproteins and OHwere determined as (1.5 ( 0.1) × 10 3 M -1 s -1 for Cyt III -NO, (3.2 ( 0.2) × 10 2 M -1 s -1 for Mb III -NO, and (3.2 ( 0.2) × 10 3 M -1 s -1 for Hb III -NO. The reductive nitrosylation of Hb III observed at pH < 6.0 is explained by reaction of H 2 O with Hb III -NO: the rate constant is (1.1 ( 0.1) × 10 -3 s -1 . 5702

We describe the asymptotic behavior of small energy solutions of an NLS with a trapping potential generalizing work of Soffer and Weinstein, and of Tsai and Yau. The novelty is that we allow generic spectra associated to the potential. This is yet a new application of the idea of interpreting the nonlinear Fermi Golden Rule as a consequence of the Hamiltonian structure.

we analyze rigorously and with great detail the interaction of a solition of the Nonlinear Schroedinger equations with a nontrapping potential in the case when the soliton moves at large speed

We investigate the minimizers of the energy functionalunder the constraint of the L

We consider a Hamiltonian systems which is invariant under a oneparameter unitary group. We give a criterion for the stability and instability of bound states for the degenerate case. We apply our theorem to the single power nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation and the double power nonlinear Schrödinger equation.

Recent genetic analyses have suggested a linkage between schizophrenia and the chromosomal region 22q12-q13. 14-3-3 protein, abundant in the brain, mediates interactions between diverse molecules of biological activities; its gene was recently mapped to chromosome 22q12.1-q13.1. We therefore investigated allele frequencies of a variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) in the 5'-noncoding region of the 14-3-3 eta chain gene in controls and schizophrenics. The frequencies of the two-repeat allele were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the schizophrenics, and particularly in those with onset before age 22 (early-onset schizophrenics, P < 0.02), than in the controls. The odds ratio was significantly increased in the early-onset schizophrenics homozygous for the two-repeat allele (OR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.1-9.7). The 14-3-3 eta chain gene is a potential susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, and particularly for early-onset schizophrenia.

Apolipoprotein E σ4 allele (ApoE σ4) is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in familial and sporadic cases, but the associations of ApoE σ4 allele and vascular dementia (VD) and/or ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD) are still controversial. To clarify the associations of ApoE polymorphism with AD, VD and ICVD in Japanese, we examined ApoE polymorphism in samples of 255 patients with AD, 87 patients with VD, and 123 patients with ICVD, as compared with 117 age-matched healthy control subjects (CTL). The frequency of the ApoE σ4 allele was significantly higher in the VD group (0.21), the ICVD group (0.15) as well as in the AD group (0.26) than in the CTL subjects (0.08). These findings suggest that the genotype of ApoE σ4 is associated with not only AD but also VD and ICVD, and that ApoE σ4 plays an important role in the development of dementia and ICVD.

We study large time behavior of quantum walks (QWs) with self-dependent (nonlinear) coin. In particular, we show scattering and derive the reproducing formula for inverse scattering in the weak nonlinear regime. The proof is based on space-time estimate of (linear) QWs such as dispersive estimates and Strichartz estimate. Such argument is standard in the study of nonlinear Schrödinger equations and discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equations but it seems to be the first time to be applied to QW.