Multivalent cation rechargeable batteries are expected to perform well as high-capacity storage devices. Rechargeable magnesium batteries have an advantage in terms of resource utilization and safety. Here, we report on sulfur-doped vanadium pentoxide (S-V2O5) as a potential material for the cathodes of such a battery; S-V2O5 showed a specific capacity of 300 mAh·g−1. S-V2O5 was prepared by a method using a low-temperature plasma generated by carbon felt and a 2.45 GHz microwave generator. This study investigates the ability of S-V2O5 to achieve high capacity when added to metal oxide. The highest recorded capacity (420 mAh·g−1) was reached with MnO2 added to composite SMn-V2O5, which has a higher proportion of included sulfur than found in S-V2O5. Results from transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Micro-Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the bulk of the SMn-V2O5 was the orthorhombic V2O5 structure; the surface was a xerogel-like V2O5 and a solid solution of MnO2 and sulfur.
Vanadium pentoxide xerogel was prepared by irradiation with microwaves and successfully applied as the active cathode material of a magnesium rechargeable battery. The structure and electrochemical properties of the V 2 O 5 xerogel were investigated and compared with V 2 O 5 prepared by conventional heat-treatment. X-ray diffraction revealed that the V 2 O 5 xerogel prepared by MW irradiation has low crystalline structure. Charge-discharge tests revealed a specific capacity of 463 mAh g ).
This study aimed to develop a new method for bonding a hydrophilic plasma polymer film to a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) surface through a plasma-solution interface reaction. A PTFE sheet of 0.2 mm in thickness was used. A dibasic acid ester with a low melting point, high boiling point, low vapor pressure, and low viscosity was used, and it had high solubility in various reactants and low reactivity to low-temperature plasma. Furthermore, trans-stilbene and its derivatives were used as reactants. A 13.56 MHz radio wave was applied by inductive coupling and the low-temperature plasma generated was used for the plasma-solution interface reaction. When Ar+H 2 O or O 2 +H 2 O was used as the plasma process gas and a derivative bearing a hydrophilic group was used as the reactant, a hydrophilic polymer thin film with a contact angle less than 40º was obtained. Attenuated total reflectance/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed broad absorption caused by the OH group in the 3500 cm -1 region, and absorption due to the stretching vibration of C-H coupling was observed at 2800-3000 cm -1 .
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