The results indicated that the presence of hyponatremia or hypokalemia increases the risk of falls.

In contrast, in other developed countries such as Europe and the US, approximately 50% of cancer patients were treated with radiotherapy (Delaney et al., 2005). Radiotherapy would become more critical because the number of cancer patients is increasing in Japan, mainly due to an aging population (Hori et al., 2015). The reasons for lower radiotherapy utilization rates in Japan were

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Purpose: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a standard treatment modality for vestibular schwannomas (VSs).However, there is a paucity of data on tumor control and neurological preservation for larger VSs. We aimed to investigate the long-term effectiveness of SRS for Koos grade IV compared with I-III VSs.Methods: We included 452 patients with VSs (50 Koos grade IV and 402 Koos grade I-III) who were treated with SRS at our institution from 1990 to 2021. Tumor control and functional preservation were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between groups with the log-rank test.Results: The median post-SRS follow-up period was 68 months. Tumor control rates were 96% at 5 and 10 years for Koos grade IV VSs, and 97% and 95%, respectively, for Koos grade I-III VSs (p = 0.744). In Koos grade IV VSs, functional preservation rates of the facial and trigeminal nerves were both 96% at 5 years (both 98% for Koos grade I-III VSs; facial, p = 0.410; trigeminal, p = 0.107). Hearing preservation rates were 61% at 5 years for Koos grade IV VSs and 78% for Koos grade I-III VSs (p = 0.645). Symptomatic transient tumor expansion was more common with Koos grade IV VSs (8.0% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.034), although all related symptoms diminished in accordance with tumor shrinkage.Conclusion: SRS may contribute to long-term tumor control and adequate neurological preservation in the treatment of Koos grade IV VSs, comparable to those in the treatment of Koos grade I-III VSs.

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Objective Japan has recently implemented screening and support to balance cancer treatment and work. The present study evaluated whether the interest of employers in small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) affects cancer control in the workplace. Methods Cancer preparedness at work was examined by a Japanese life insurance company contracting 370 000 SMEs. The analysis targeted SMEs hiring ≤50 employees whose employer was aged ≥40 years. The endpoints were performing one or more screening for stomach, colon, or lung cancer recommended for both sexes in Japan and implementing three or more supportive measures from the nine systems listed in a questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was performed to predict these endpoints using other factors. Results The survey was completed from January 5 to 28, 2022 and included 5268 eligible companies. Around half were small enterprises with up to five employees. Screenings were performed for stomach (32%), colorectal (27%), and lung (26%) cancers. Sick leave (36%) was the most common support for balancing cancer treatment and work. Logistic regression analysis revealed that employer's concern was a significant predictor of screening (odds ratio [OR] = 3.59, P < .001) and support (OR = 2.55, P < .01) compared with “not concerned at all,” along with industry type, annual sales, experience of employees with cancer, and employer's participation in screening. Conclusion Our findings suggested that employers' interest was a powerful predictor of implementing cancer control in SMEs. Educational intervention targeted toward the employer could play a critical role in improving SMEs.

The incidence rate of spontaneous remission of malignant cancer is very low. Reports on spontaneous remission in advanced prostate cancer are extremely limited. Our patient was treated with androgen deprivation therapy, local radiotherapy, and surgical castration at the initial diagnosis. Approximately nine years after treatment, he experienced a rise in serum prostate-specific antigen level and relapse of obturator lymph node adenopathy. Initially, androgen deprivation therapy was reinitiated, which resulted in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Although androgen deprivation therapy was discontinued, spontaneous remission of recurrent lymph node and spontaneous reduction in serum prostate-specific antigen level was seen. There was no sign of radiological recurrence for over eight years without prostate cancer treatment.

Most cancer control measures in the workplace have limited supporting evidence. This study aimed to identify highly effective cancer control measures, based on a survey by the Corporate Action to Promote Cancer Control. Methods:The firms and organizations that responded to the web survey were included. The questionnaire comprised five cancer (stomach, lung, colorectal, breast, and cervical) screening rates and their countermeasures to promote cancer control. We conducted a non-hierarchical cluster analysis according to the degree of the measures and compared the screening rates among each group using an analysis of variance. Then, we performed two multiple regression analyses with the mean screening rates for stomach/lung/colorectal cancer and breast/cervical cancer as dependent variables, the implementation of each countermeasure as an independent variable, and the size and industry as control variables.