Recently, there have been many reports describing the efficacy of intratympanic aminoglycoside injection for the treatment of intractable vertigo in patients with Ménière's disease. However, the number of injections and the amount of drug injected varies, with concomitant variation in the side-effect of hearing deterioration. To identify drugs that are more selectively vestibulotoxic, we have reviewed the ototoxicity of aminoglycosides, focusing on differences between vestibulo- and cochleotoxicity. At present, the basis for the different effects of each drug is unknown. The mechanisms of vestibulo- and cochleotoxicity are deemed worthy of further study.
The ABR threshold of the C2 group was found to be more impaired than those of the other groups. The C1a group showed the mildest elevation of the ABR thresholds. Morphological analyses revealed that the proportion of remaining outer hair cells (OHCs) was the lowest in animals treated with C2. Morphologically, the C1 and C1a groups showed the least damage to OHCs.
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