Background Career competencies, which are the knowledge, skills, and abilities essential for career development, have been shown to facilitate career success, fulfilling both work and life goals. In dynamically changing healthcare settings, nurses’ career competencies are key for successfully navigating their careers and improving their nursing practice abilities. However, limited studies have examined career competencies in the nursing profession. In particular, no research has been conducted on career competencies among Japanese nurses, which remains a major challenge as voluntary effort is the main factor promoting career and professional development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the Career Competencies Questionnaire (CCQ-J). Methods In this cross-sectional study conducted between June 2020 and August 2021, the English CCQ was translated into Japanese using back and forward translation. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted on separate samples. In the first step, item analysis and EFA were conducted with 276 nurses from one hospital. In the second step, CFA was conducted and concurrent validity and reliability were evaluated with 522 nurses from hospitals in the Tohoku region. Results Content validity was confirmed by the back-translation report, an expert panel, and a pilot test. The EFA showed that the CCQ-J consisted of a three-factor structure that explained 66.69% of the variance. The CFA revealed that all the fit indices were acceptable [chi-square value (CMIN) = 432.26, degree of freedom (df) = 153, chi-square fit statistic/degree of freedom (CMIN/df) = 2.83, goodness-of-fit index (GFI) = 0.93, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = 0.89, comparative fix index (CFI) = 0.96, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.06]. Cronbach’s α for the 21-item CCQ-J and its subscales ranged from 0.85 to 0.95. Concurrent validity was demonstrated via the positive correlation between work engagement, life satisfaction, and the CCQ-J. Conclusions The CCQ-J is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the career competencies of Japanese nurses. We hope that the findings presented in this study will contribute to a better understanding of nurses’ career competencies and their successful career and professional development in the future.
AimAlthough researchers have emphasized the importance of enhancing work engagement in nurses to ensure work‐related well‐being, the underlying mechanisms of the influencing factors of work engagement remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate whether work‐to‐family spillover moderates the relationship between nurses' work values and work engagement.MethodsIn total, 2600 nurses from 52 hospitals in the Tohoku region of Japan were recruited, and 1587 nurses participated. The questionnaire included items on demographic characteristics, the Nurses' Work Values Scale, the Japanese version of the Work‐life Balance Scale, and the Work Engagement Scale. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression.ResultsThe interaction terms of negative work‐to‐family spillover with extrinsic work values and prestige work values were significantly associated with work engagement. The interaction terms of nurses' work values and positive work‐to‐family spillovers did not show a significant association.ConclusionsNurses who emphasized extrinsic work values and those who did not emphasize prestige work values had the lowest work engagement in settings with high negative work‐to‐family spillover. To ensure nurses' work‐related well‐being and engagement, nursing managers could provide support for nurses in tackling work‐related negative events, so that these do not carry over to family settings.
AimThis study aimed to develop the nurses' Work Values Scale (WVS) to determine how important certain values are for nurses and to psychometrically test the scale.DesignInstrument development and validation study.MethodA two‐phase scale development process comprising item generation, scale improvement and psychometric property evaluation was used. In the first phase, scale items were identified. In the second phase, item and exploratory factor analyses were performed in Study 1, and confirmatory factor analysis, validity verification and reliability verification of the nurses' WVS were performed in Study 2.ResultsAs a result of the analysis, a scale of 30 items with four subdomains was developed. In convergent validity and reliability verification, it was shown that the nurses' WVS has acceptable validity and reliability.No Patient or Public ContributionPatients or members of the public were not involved in this study.
This study aimed to classify nurses with similar work values into subgroups by examining their intrinsic, extrinsic, social, and prestige work values. Additionally, we clarified the characteristics of the obtained subgroups using personal attributes, work engagement, and life satisfaction. Using a cross-sectional observational study design, we randomly sampled 52 hospitals in the Tohoku region of Japan and conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey with 2600 nurses. Latent profile analysis was performed to identify the number of subgroups. Of the 1627 collected questionnaires, 1587 were regarded as valid. The latent profile analysis revealed the following five subgroups with strong statistical significance: (1) self-oriented, (2) low, (3) medium-low, (4) medium-high, and (5) high types. The means of work engagement and life satisfaction gradually increased from the (2) low- to (5) high-type subgroups. There were significant differences among the subgroups in terms of marital status, child status, and job title. The (5) high-type subgroup had many nurses with job titles, high work engagement, and high life satisfaction. The (2) low-type subgroup included many nurses who were young, had few years of experience, were married, had children, and had low levels of work engagement and life satisfaction. Preregistration: This study was not registered.
Background: Since nurses have various career options, it is essential for them to possess career competencies which are the knowledge, skills, and abilities for their career self-management. Nurses’ roles have expanded globally due to dynamically changing healthcare settings and advanced specialization fields. In this context, career competencies may help nurses to navigate their careers successfully. However, few studies have investigated the association between career competencies and positive work-related outcomes for nurses. Our study aimed to examine whether nurses’ career competencies act as mediators and predictors between job resources and work engagement in the motivational processes of the job demand-resources theory. We explored whether career competencies and four types of job resources (supervisor support, coworker support, role clarity, and career opportunities) are mutually related and lead to work engagement. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between July and August 2022. Mediation analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling with data from 263 nurses working in hospitals in the Tohoku region of Japan. Results: Career competencies mediated the relationship between the four types of job resources and work engagement. Furthermore, career competencies enhanced work engagement through increased supervisor support and career opportunities. Conclusions: Our results indicate that career competencies are a critical personal resource for enhancing work engagement in the motivational process of the job demand-resources theory. We trust that our insights will contribute to effective nursing management and continuing education.
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