We compared the effect of a novel ion-releasing tooth-coating material that contained S-PRG (surface-reaction type prereacted glass-ionomer) filler to that of non-S-PRG filler and nail varnish on the demineralization of bovine enamel subsurface lesions. The demineralization process of bovine enamel was examined using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) measurement. Ion concentrations in demineralizing solution were measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic (ICP) emission spectrometry and an ion electrode. The nail varnish group and the non-S-PRG filler group showed linear demineralization. Although the nail varnish group and the non-S-PRG filler group showed linear demineralization, the S-PRG filler group did not. Further, plane-scanning by EPMA analysis in the S-PRG filler group showed no changes in Ca ion distribution, and F ions showed peak levels on the surface of enamel specimens. Most ions in the demineralizing solution were present at higher concentrations in the S-PRG filler group than in the other two groups. In conclusion, only the S-PRG filler-containing tooth-coating material released ions and inhibited demineralization around the coating.
The purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of 1 year of daily application of 10% w/v CPP-ACP (casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate) paste in addition to regular toothbrushing with fluoridated toothpaste on the remineralization of enamel carious lesions in preschool children using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF). A total of 103 Thai children (aged 21/2-31/2 years) with high caries risk who had at least 1 enamel carious lesion (ICDAS 1-3) on the labial surface of the upper anterior teeth were assigned to receive either CPP-ACP paste (n = 53) or placebo control (n = 50) following toothbrushing with fluoridated toothpaste after lunch at school. QLF measurement was performed at baseline, 6 months and 1 year. At 1 year, a significant reduction in fluorescence loss (ΔF), lesion area and lesion volume (ΔQ; p ≤ 0.001) of the lesions were found over time in both groups. However, no significant difference was observed between the groups (p = 0.79, 0.98 and 0.88, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the odds of ΔQ transition to a stage of regression or arrest compared with progression from baseline to 1 year between the two groups (OR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.31-3.39). The daily application of 10% w/v CPP-ACP paste on a school day for 1 year resulted in no improvement of enamel carious lesion remineralization in the primary upper anterior teeth as assessed by QLF. The lesion improvement was not superior to remineralization from regular toothbrushing with fluoridated toothpaste alone in these children.
Although the number of missing teeth in Japanese adults is decreasing, persons aged ≥75 years tend to have at least 10 teeth missing, and approximately 30% have full dentures. 1 Tooth loss impacts mastication, speaking, swallowing, and esthetics. 2,3 Decreased masticatory ability due to tooth loss affects food intake, possibly leading to malnutrition. 4 Loss of multiple teeth is also associated with physical disability and cognitive decline, 5 and it can decrease the quality of life of elderly individuals.The average life span differs considerably from healthy life expectancy. Retention of as many teeth as possible can prevent or slow the decline in swallowing and masticatory function and extend healthy life expectancy. In a cohort study of Japanese people aged >75 years, individuals with few teeth at baseline subsequently had higher medical care costs related to stroke. 6 Therefore, the prevention of tooth loss could reduce medical care costs.The risk factors for tooth loss have been investigated extensively. 7-9 Lifestyle and social factors, such as household income, education level, and dental visits, are reportedly related to tooth loss among persons aged ≥65 years. 8 Molars and abutment teeth of prostheses are at greater risk of being lost by community-dwelling elderly people. 9 The risk factors for tooth loss in younger people should be determined to enable the retention of as many teeth as possible. The AbstractAim: The assessment of the risk of tooth loss in patients visiting a dental clinic is important for managing their oral health. In the present study, we examined the risk factors for tooth loss among dental patients. Methods: Data from the 8020 Promotion Foundation Study on the Health PromotionEffects of Dental Care were used in the present study. The study involved 2743 patients who visited a dental clinic in Japan and completed a questionnaire and oral health examination at baseline and at the 2-year follow up. Tooth-and person-level risk factors for tooth loss during 2 years were subjected to a multilevel multivariate logistic regression analysis.
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