SUMMARYThis paper introduces an application of iris recognition technology, using the iris pattern for horse identification. There are several problems to be solved in horse iris recognition: (1) It is very difficult for horses to remain motionless, which leads to mislocation and loss of focus during image acquisition, so that the images often have poor quality. (2) Pupil size varies significantly between the conditions of dilation (mydriasis) and contraction (miosis). (3) Horse iris patterns are not clear. As a solution for issue (1), we used the reflection of the illumination sources employed for image acquisition and chose adequate images suitable for recognition. For issues (2) and (3), we propose region extraction appropriate to the equine eye structure, a stable coordinate model for pupil variation, and recognition using orthogonal wrinkles in the iris pattern. Recognition experiments based on 100 sets of horse iris data show that highly accurate horse identification is possible.
This paper proposes a unique watermarking technique for printed documents by superposing dot pattern blocks on backgrounds of the document images. The dot pattern block contains information, but it is not visually distracting as the printed documents look as if uniform dot patterns are superposed on the background. The dots in the dot pattern block are lined up to a certain direction so that these dots generate 2-D wavelet in a scanned image of the printed documents. We have described the difference of symbols "0" and "1" as the difference of wavelet direction, and each wavelet is detected by 2-D Gabor filter, which makes the symbol detection error rate very low. In addition, accuracy of detection is not affected by format or layout of documents. Alteration detection can be achieved by embedding original document image feature into document image itself as alteration detection data. When watermark is extracted, the alteration detection data and the image feature of scanned image, are compared to determine if alterations are made or not.
SUMMARYIn this paper, we propose a new method of embedding watermarks into printed documents as well as extracting the watermarks from the printed documents. In the embedding process, unique mesh patterns in which microdots are assigned with equal spaces between them are inserted. We then assign 0 or 1 symbols to them, and generate and print a document image in which information is embedded by superimposing these mesh patterns as a document background. The extraction method involves filtering a scanned image of a watermarked printed document. We use a symbol assigned dot pattern as a 2D waveform, and a Gabor filter as a watermark detection filter. In this way, we implemented watermark detection resistant to various kinds of noise such as printing and scanning, or daily usage. We also provide results of basic performance evaluations, as well as test system evaluations for embedding and extracting watermarks in a practical environment.
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