The results of this prospective multicenter study showed that the incidence of EPS was 2.5% within a 4-year observation period and that two thirds of the cases were diagnosed after discontinuation of PD. Because of the current progress in diagnostic technology and therapeutic methodology, it appears that PD can be continued successfully with an acceptable, low risk for EPS for at least 8 years, whereas stricter caution is required for patients receiving PD for longer periods.
The concept of zero ischemia robotic and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is presented. This anatomical vascular microdissection of the artery first and then tumor allows even complex tumors to be excised without hilar clamping. Global surgical renal ischemia is unnecessary for the majority of patients undergoing robotic and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy at our institution.
This paper describes augmented reality visualization for the guidance of breast-conservative cancer surgery using ultrasonic images acquired in the operating room just before surgical resection. By combining an optical three-dimensional (3-D) position sensor, the position and orientation of each ultrasonic cross section are precisely measured to reconstruct geometrically accurate 3-D tumor models from the acquired ultrasonic images. Similarly, the 3-D position and orientation of a video camera are obtained to integrate video and ultrasonic images in a geometrically accurate manner. Superimposing the 3-D tumor models onto live video images of the patient's breast enables the surgeon to perceive the exact 3-D position of the tumor, including irregular cancer invasions which cannot be perceived by touch, as if it were visible through the breast skin. Using the resultant visualization, the surgeon can determine the region for surgical resection in a more objective and accurate manner, thereby minimizing the risk of a relapse and maximizing breast conservation. The system was shown to be effective in experiments using phantom and clinical data.
Abstract. Hierarchical multi-organ statistical atlases are constructed with the aim of achieving fully automated segmentation of the liver and related organs from computed tomography images. Constraints on inter-relations among organs are embedded in hierarchical organization of probabilistic atlases (PAs) and statistical shape models (SSMs). Hierarchical PAs are constructed based on the hierarchical nature of interorgan relationships. Multi-organ SSMs (MO-SSMs) are combined with previously proposed single-organ multi-level SSMs (ML-SSMs). A hierarchical segmentation procedure is then formulated using the constructed hierarchical atlases. The basic approach consists of hierarchical recursive processes of initial region extraction using PAs and subsequent refinement using ML/MO-SSMs. The experimental results show that segmentation accuracy of the liver was improved by incorporating constraints on inter-organ relationships.
The effect of atriopeptin III (AP-III) on ameliorate ischemic acute renal failure was first examined in the isolated perfused kidney. Isolated rat kidneys were clamped for 1 h and reperfused for 30 min without therapy and then perfused with either 0 (control) or 100 ;&g/dl AP-III. In this system AP-III signifi- p1/mm per 100 g; P < 0.01), urine flow (23.1±5.9 vs. 1.1±0.5 ;d/min per 100 g; P < 0.01), and net tubular sodium reabsorption (38.9±4.7 vs. 43±1.6 pmol/min per 100 g; P < 0.01) were significantly higher in AP-III-treated rats than controls during the hour of AP-III infusion. In 1 h posttreatment study this significant protective effect of AP-III was documented to persist. In more chronic studies animals treated acutely with AP-III had lower serum creatinine concentration at 24 h (1.8±03 vs. 3.3±0.4 mg/dl; P < 0.01) and 48 h (1.0±0.2 vs. 2.4±0.4 mg/d1; P < 0.01) after the 60 min of ischemia than controls.Renal adenosine triphosphate regeneration as assessed by P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance during reflow was also significantly improved in AP-III-treated animals at 1 h (3.03±0.30 vs. 1.45±0.40 pmol/g dry wt; P < 0.05) and 2 h (3.98±0.46 vs.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.