Articles you may be interested inCorrelation between second-order optical response and structure in thermally poled sodium niobium-germanate glass Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 171103 (2010); 10.1063/1.3506501 Improved stability of the induced second-order nonlinearity in soft glass by thermal poling Microstructural and nonlinear optical properties of silica-titania sol-gel film doped with PbS quantum dots Silica glass samples prepared by a sol-gel process, the mixture of silica sol for gelation and colloidal silica particles, have been thermally poled in vacuum by continuous high voltage ͑8-12 kV͒ at elevated temperature ͑280°C͒. High second-order nonlinearities ͑Ͼ1 pm/V͒, located under the anodic surface, have been measured and the values are higher than those obtained in fused silica glass, poled under the same conditions. A model for thermal poling is suggested which explains the experimental results in sol-gel silica and the difference between thermal poling of sol-gel and fused silica. The granular structure and the boundaries of sol-gel silica seem to play a major role in establishing the electrical properties of the depletion layer during and after poling.
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