The chemical composition of Karatau phosphorite raw materials and of solid waste phosphogypsum was determined, and the percentage of aluminum and vanadium elements quantified by chemical and physicochemical methods. Aluminum and vanadium compounds were extracted from the phosphorite ores and from the phosphogypsum for the preparation of aluminum-vanadium nanosorbents. Carbon nanotubes were then grown by chemical vapour deposition over previously adsorbed carbon nanotubes on the aluminum-vanadium nanosorbents (CN-CVD-100 method). Characterization results confirm the successful preparation of nanocatalysts and nanosorbents composed of ready-made aluminum and vanadium carbon nanotubes.
Biological and composting processes used in the treatment of municipal solid waste typically are sources of odour pollution (gaseous pollutants include SO2, NH3, H2S and other toxic air pollutants). In this work, the removal of NH3 present in odorous composting leachate was assessed for the first time in a fixed-bed column loaded with carbonaceous adsorbents prepared by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) assisted with sulphuric acid and by pyrolysis of carbon precursors (olive stone and malt bagasse). The resultant adsorbents were characterized to study their surface chemistry and textural properties. Scarce work studying the HTC in presence of additives, but H2SO4-assisted HTC allow to obtain acid hydrochars with accuracy properties for NH3 adsorption. In this work, the hydrochar prepared from olive stone by H2SO4-assisted HTC shows the highest NH3 adsorption capacity (11.4 mg g-1), evidencing that acidity contributes more significantly to the removal of NH3 than the specific surface area of the adsorbents. The NH3-saturated hydrochar was regenerated by washing with distilled water and subsequently re-used in the adsorption of NH3, obtaining satisfactory performance (68% of the mean NH3 adsorption capacity of its respective first use).
Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of the number of miss stitches and tuck stitches in the knit structure on the technological parameters and physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics. Design/methodology/approach The number of miss stitches and tuck stitches was increased from 3.6% to 8.3%, and the influence of this increase on knitwear properties was analyzed. Findings It was found that an increase from 3.6% to 8.3% leads to a decrease in the stretchability of knitwear in width from 330% to 290% and in length from 112% to 95%. With an increase from 5% to 6.3%, the surface density of knitwear decreases by 11.6 g. And with an increase from 6.3% to 8.3%, the surface density of knitwear decreases by 11.8 g. It was also found that the presence of miss stitches and tuck stitches in the knit structure reduces the material consumption, and the presence of miss stitches increases the shape stability of the knitted fabric. Originality/value It was concluded that the number of miss stitches and tuck stitches has the strongest influence on surface density, followed by volume density.
In order to adapt the requirements for the education of targeted highly qualified talents in the 21st century, it is necessary to develop students ' ability to think scientifically and innovate in teaching. Chemistry is based on experiments, and experiments play an important role in the search for knowledge, mastering the methods of studying science, experiencing the learning process, and developing students ' ability to think scientifically. In this paper, we have described the importance of scientific thinking methods in teaching at the University. How to cultivate students ' methods of scientific thinking, mainly introduced the course of inorganic and analytical chemistry. Stimulate students 'interest in learning, train students' scientific thinking, and make students master the methods of scientific experimentation and the learning experience process by reforming traditional teaching methods and content can effectively improve the efficiency and quality of students learning.
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