The application of the electronic product code (EPC) in an enterprise may turn out to be one of the choices in the future. The subject of this article is an analysis preceding decisive conditions in an investment process of its implementation. These reflections are preceded by the research in Polish enterprises, aiming at an estimation of the possibility of the RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) transponder commercialisation (market potential) being consistent with the EPC requirements. Conducting such research in the future will lead to a decrease in the decision gap among managers within the scope of the possibility of implementing the innovative solution described, as well as the anticipated business results. Methods of analysis and synthesis have been applied, within the theory of decision-making and telecommunications. An interdisciplinary approach to the issue in question constitutes the added value of this article. The conclusion comprises a synthesis of the article contents—crucial decisive areas that require monitoring and simultaneous estimation (now and in the future) regarding implementation of the electronic product code in an organization. In general, these areas are macro environment, competitive environment, strategic potential of an organization, and managers’ decisiveness.
Purpose:The primary purpose of the paper is to define the roots, causes, and other issues related to the phenomenon of corruption in Polish organisations as well as to provide recommendations as to how corruption may be prevented in Polish. Design/Methodology/Approach: A social survey, questionnaire-based research and statistical analysis methods as the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Findings:The paper shows significant correlations occurring for differences and correlations by socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and the corruption problems uncovered by the research. The conclusions present the corrupt and corrupted persons in the Polish organisations. Their characteristics result from the statistical analysis. In addition, a statistical characteristic of an employee of a Polish organisation who represented an anti-corruption stance is shown. Practical Implications: The paper helps to understand the essence and problems of corruption and, also the ways of preventing it in Polish organisations. The work has practical significance for people in powermanagers, civil servants and politicians. Originality/Value: With the Corruption Perception Index and Democracy Index values increasingly unfavourable for Polish organisations, and the resulting status of "flawed democracy", effective anti-corruption management practices must be found.
Corruption is not a new phenomenon. It is timeless, common, universal. It is not only an economic or moral, but also a cultural problem occurring in everyday interpersonal relations in modern society. There are many reasons for corruption. They should be sought in morality, culture and customs -in politics, economic and sociological factors. Corruption is fundamentally negative. It is often viewed as a social disease that disrupts the functioning of individuals, societies, entire economies. The subject of the study is an analysis of corruption behavior determinants. It draws attention to their specificity, causes and negative consequences for various entities -individuals, enterprises and economies. Theoretical considerations in this area were supported by the authors' own research that was carried out in 2018, using a survey method in Poland and Ukraine. In the research participated 337 people. A comparative analysis of the propensity to corruption among Polish and Ukrainian respondents was made. A number of conclusions and recommendations were formulated regarding the analyzed aspects.
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