PURPOSE: To evaluate corneal viscoelastic and intraocular pressure (IOP) changes measured by an ocular response analyzer (ORA) after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.SETTING: Yeditepe University Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey.METHODS: Fifty-one eyes scheduled for cataract surgery were included in the study. Corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc), and Goldmann-correlated IOP (IOPg) were measured by ORA preoperatively and 1 week and 1 and 3 months postoperatively. Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured using the ORA's integrated handheld ultrasonic pachymeter. RESULTS:The mean preoperative CCT (537 mm G 46 [SD]) did not change significantly by the end of 1 month postoperatively. The mean preoperative IOPcc (17.2 G 3.0 mm Hg) decreased significantly by 3 months postoperatively (15.2 G 3.7 mm Hg) (P Z .018). The mean CH decreased from 10.36 G 1.48 mm Hg preoperatively to 9.64 G 1.26 mm Hg at 1 week (P Z .028); it increased to preoperative values at the end of 1 month (10.20 G 1.70) and 3 months (10.74 G 1.54) (P>.05). The mean CRF decreased from 10.94 G 2.54 mm Hg preoperatively to 9.99 G 1.77 at 1 week (P Z .026); it increased to preoperative values at 1 month (10.26 G 1.59) and 3 months (10.35 G 1.46) (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although CH and the CRF decreased in the early postoperative period, the parameters increased and reached preoperative values by 3 months postoperatively, showing that corneal biomechanical properties are influenced by phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.
OBJECTIVE Approximately 10% of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) become permanently, legally blind. The average cost of lifetime support and unpaid taxes for each blind person amounts to approximately $900,000. This study evaluates the feasibility and potential role of bedside optical coherence tomography (OCT) in Terson's syndrome (TS) in patients with acute SAH (aSAH) and its potential role in blindness prevention. METHODS The authors conducted an open-label pilot study, in which 31 patients with an angiographic diagnosis of aSAH were first screened for TS with dilated funduscopy and then with OCT in the acute phase and at 6-week follow-up visits. Outpatient mood assessments (Patient Health Questionnaire-depression module, Hamilton Depression Scale), and quality of life general (NIH Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) and visual scales (25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire) were measured at 1 and 6 weeks after discharge. Exclusion criteria included current or previous history of severe cataracts, severe diabetic retinopathy, severe macular degeneration, or glaucoma. RESULTS OCT identified 7 patients with TS, i.e., a 22.6% incidence in our aSAH sample: 7 in the acute phase, including a large retinal detachment that was initially missed by funduscopy and diagnosed by OCT in follow-up clinic. Dilated retinal funduscopy significantly failed to detect TS in 4 (57.1%) of these 7 cases. Intraventricular hemorrhage was significantly more common in TS cases (85.7% vs 25%). None of the participants experienced any complications from OCT examinations. Neither decreased quality of life visual scale scores nor a depressed mood correlated with objective OCT pathological findings at the 6-week follow-up after discharge. There were no significant mood differences between TS cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS OCT is the gold standard in retinal disease diagnosis. This pilot study shows that bedside OCT examination is feasible in aSAH. In this series, OCT was a safe procedure that enhanced TS detection by decreasing false-negative/inconclusive funduscopic examinations. It allows early diagnosis of macular holes and severe retinal detachments, which require acute surgical therapy to prevent legal blindness. In addition, OCT aids in ruling out potential false-positive visual deficits in individuals with a depressed mood at follow-up.
We report a cataract operation with complications in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The patient had a grade 4 mature brown cataract. Phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was planned; however, due to unexpected complications occurring during surgery, the operating technique was revised to an intracapsular cataract extraction. A very high vitreous pressure was found and therefore scleral fixating IOL was not implanted after anterior vitrectomy because of the possibility of choroidal effusion. The postoperative visual acuity improved sufficiently for the patient to communicate. Visual communication is of vital importance for an ALS patient and his caregivers. Therefore, surgery may be advisable in patients at a terminal stage with an advanced cataract, even if their general health condition may not seem appropriate for such an operation. Nevertheless, the intra- and postoperative course of the surgery may show unexpected complications and the surgeon should be prepared for such conditions.
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