BackgroundToday the impairment of metabolism and obesity are being extensively investigated due to the significant increase of the prevalence of these diseases. There is scientific evidence that probiotics are beneficial for human health. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of multiprobiotic “Symbiter acidophilic concentrated” on obesity parameters in the rats under experimental obesity.MethodsThe study was carried out on 60 newborn Wistar rats, divided into 3 groups, 20 animals in each (females – n = 10, males – n = 10): intact rats, monosodium glutamate (MSG-) and MSG + probiotic group. Rats of intact group were administered with saline (8 μl/g, subcutaneously (s.c.)). Newborns rats of MSG-group and MSG + probiotic group were injected with a solution of MSG (4.0 mg/g) s.c. at 2nd – 10th postnatal days. The MSG + probiotic group was treated with 140 mg/kg (1.4 × 1010 CFU/kg) of multiprobiotic “Symbiter”. MSG-group was treated with 2.5 ml/kg of water (per os) respectively. Administration was started at the age of 4 weeks just after wean and continued for 3 month intermittently alternating two-week course of introduction with two-week course of break.ResultsNeonatal treatment with MSG caused a stunted growth in both MSG-groups, which manifested with significantly smaller naso-anal length compared to adult intact rats. There was no significant difference in weight between intact and MSG-groups on 120th day. The adiponectin level in the serum of rats with MSG-induced obesity decreased by 2.43 times (p = 0.001) in males and 1.75 (p = 0.020) in females. Concentration of leptin in adipose tissue were significantly higher by 45.9% (p = 0.019) and 61.2% (p = 0.009) respectively in males and females compared to intact rats. Our study has indicated that daily oral administration of multiprobiotic to neonatal MSG-treated rats by 2-week courses led to significant reduce of total body and VAT weight with subsequent improvement in insulin sensitivity and prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) development.ConclusionsThese results have shown that periodic treatment with multiprobiotic prevents the MSG-induced obesity and NAFLD development.
Ac cord ing to the lat est WHO data 1.5 bil lion of adults in the world suf fer from obe sity and more than 350 million have sus cep ti bil ity to it de vel op ment. Ap proxi mately 20 mil lion chil dren un der 8 years of age have prob lems with ex cess weight. In Ukraine, every fourth woman and sixth man suf fers from overweight and obe sity. USA takes the first place in the world for preva lence of obe sity. In this coun try, the main fac tors con trib ut ing to the weight gain are wide spread network of fast food res tau rants and hy po dy namic. The well-known fla vor en han cer-mono so dium glu tamate (MSG), E 621 is widely used in food in dus tries. In 1968, a re port ap peared in the New Eng land Jour nal of Medi cine, de scrib ing a con stel la tion of symp toms in patients who dined in one of the grow ing number of Chi nese res tau rants. The symp toms of the so-called «Chi nese restau rant syn drome» in cluded numb ness, ra di at ing to the back, arms, and neck; weak ness; and pal pi ta tions [8]. Later re ports in cluded other symp toms, such as tight ness, flush ing, tear ing, diz zi ness, syn cope, and fa cial pres sure [6]. To day role of MSG in the de vel op ment of obe sity in peo ple who abuse with "fast food" is con tra dic tory. Some sci en tists be lieve that this food ad di tive causes meta bolic dis or ders and weight gain [15], but oth ers claim that use of MSG, even in large doses, is not harm ful for health [7]. The aim of our study was to in ves ti gate ef fects of MSG neo na tal treatment on meta bolic pro file and liver mor phofunctional state in rats at 16-weeks of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS This in ves ti ga tion was per formed in com pli ance with the "Prin ci ples of labo ra tory ani mal care" (NIH Pub li cation no. 85-23, re vised 1985) and the authors have re ceived ap proval from the Ani mal Ethi cal Re search Com mit tee of Ta ras Shevchenko Na tional Uni ver sity of Kyiv. Rats were di vided into 2 groups: Icon trol (n=15) rats that re ceived sa line so lu tion sub cu ta ne ously (s.c.) at postna tal days 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10; II-ani mals (n=15) with glutamate-induced obe sity (GIO), which were given a solu tion of MSG (4.0 mg/g body weight, s.c.) at same days as those of the con trol group. Af ter 16-weeks of age, all rats were ana lyzed on changes of body weight. Obe sity was de ter mined by Lee
Considering the association between microflora and obesity, and the significantly higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese people, the aim of our study was to investigate the preventive effect of multiprobiotics on the monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced NAFLD model, in rats. The work was carried out on 60 rats placed into three groups: the Control group, the MSG-group and the MSG-probiotic group. The MSG-group and the MSG-probiotic group were injected with 4 mg/g of MSG subcutaneously neonatally on the 2nd-10th days of life. The MSG-probiotic rats were also treated with 140 mg/kg of multiprobiotic “Symbiter” from the 4th week of life. In the 4-month-old rats, biochemical and morphological changes in liver were assessed, and steatosis was confirmed by the NAFLD activity score (NAS). Our results reveal that the multiprobiotic lowered total NAS, the degree of steatosis and the liver lobular inflammation caused by MSG. It also brought about decreased liver total lipids and triglycerids content, as well as decreased visceral adipose tissue mass. However, there was no difference in the liver serum biochemical indicators between all experimental groups. The obtained data does suggest the efficacy of probiotics in the prevention of NAFLD.
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