The appropriate use of antibiotics has become a major concern in healthcare. The over prescription and misuse of antibiotics has contributed to antibiotic resistance which has emerged as a major public health issue. Objective: The current study is conducted to investigate the antibiotic use by the dentists and to assess the conformity with evidence-based guidelines. Methods: A convenience sample of 216 dental practitioners were included in the study. A self-structured questionnaire was administered after getting consent from the participants. The questionnaire consisted of demographic details, self-reported usage of antibiotics in different clinical situations and questions exploring the practices regarding the use of antibiotics. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. Results: 87% of the participants prescribed antibiotics in irreversible pulpitis, 53.7% in dry socket and 78.7% in localized periapical abscess. Regarding their practice of antibiotic prescription, 77.8% participants reported the prescription of antibiotics in addition to the dental treatment for early resolution of the symptoms. 73.2 % reported that they fear the spread of infection if they have not prescribed antibiotics and 66.7% reported the use of antibiotics to defer the patient if the provision of treatment was not possible at the time. 68.9% participants reported that they would resort to some different antibiotic in case of persistent dental pain at the follow-up visit. Conclusions: The study shows indiscriminate and inappropriate use of antibiotics by the dentists. A lack of knowledge among the dental practitioners regarding the evidence-based clinical indications for antibiotics was evident.
Aim: To evaluate the radiographical success of pulpotomy in cariously exposed mature permanent teeth using mineral trioxide aggregate. Methods:This Descriptive case series was conducted at the Department of Operative Dentistry, de’Montmorency College of Dentistry/ Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore from December 2015 to December 2016.A total of 75 cases were included using non-probability consecutive sampling..Patients of both genders with age range from 15 to 26 years were considered. Performance of procedure and evaluation of success was done in terms of absence of periapical radiolucency on periapical radiographs.Data was entered and analyzed with IBM SPSS 20. Level of significance was kept at p-value ≤ 0.05 Results: Out of 75 patients, 41 were females and 34 were males.Mean age of patients included in this study was 20.5 ±3.60. Follow up at 6 months showed 92% success, with 69 cases showed absence of periapical radiolucency on periapical radiograph. There was no significant relation of success with age and gender of patient with p- value greater that 0.05. Conclusion: It is concluded from current study that the protocol of pulpotomy using Mineral trioxide Aggregate (MTA) in mature permanent teeth with carious exposure of pulp is encouraging and can be recommended for the treatment of mature permanent teeth with carious exposures. Keywords: Pulpotomy, Mineral trioxide aggregate, periapical radiolucency
Aim: To evaluate the radiographical success of Regenerative endodontics procedure in permanent immature teeth with necrotic pulp. Methods: This Descriptive case series was conducted at the Department of Operative Dentistry, de’Montmorency College of Dentistry/ Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore from November 2015 to November 2016. A total of 30 cases were included using non-probability consecutive sampling. Patients of both genders with age range from 9 to 14 years were considered. Performance of procedure and evaluation of success was done in terms of root development on periapical radiographs. . Data was entered and analysed with IBM SPSS 20. Level of significance was kept at p-value ≤ 0.05 Results: Out of 30 patients, 13 were females and 17 were males. Mean age of patients included in this study was 11.5±1.737. Follow up at 12 months showed 90% success, with 27 cases showed root development on periapical radiograph. There was no significant relation of success with age and gender of patient with p- value greater than 0.05. Conclusion: It is concluded from current study that Regenerative Endodontics procedure in permanent immature teeth is encouraging and can be recommended for the treatment of permanent immature teeth with necrotic pulp. Further research studies are required for evaluation of root development in regenerative endodontics procedure. Key words: Regenerative Endodontics, Permanent Immature teeth, Root development
Objective: The objective of study was to explore the relationship of breathing and pain during endodontic therapy. Materials and methods: 500 patients who presented in the department of operative dentistry were included in the study. Numeric pain scale was used to document the pain perceived during endodontic therapy. Results were analysed using SPSS version 23. Results: Among the 500 cases, 250 cases presented with mild pain, 158 presented with moderate pain while 92 presented with severe pain. 55.4% cases were of nasal breathers while 44.6% cases were of oral breathers. Conclusion: Patients presenting with nasal breathing pattern reported with mild pain perception during endodontic therapy when compared to patients who were oral breathers. Considering life style modifications like breathing patterns, body hydration and sleep impact the patient’s life and pain management during endodontic therapy. Educating patients on proper breathing and its benefits will have positive outcome on endodontic therapy. Keywords: Oral breathing, nasal breathing, pain perception, endodontics.
Aim: To assess the prevalence of periodontal disease and caries on 2nd mandibular molar in association with erupted 3rd molars. Methodology:: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Periodontology Department, Avicenna dental college, Lahore from July 2021 to June 2022. A total of 81 patients were examined in the age range of 21-50 years. Patients of both genders were assessed. Data was entered and analysed by IBM SPSS 25. Level of significance was kept at p-value ≤ 0.05 Results: Total of 81 patients were examined with the total number of teeth evaluated were 156. Age taken as demographic variable was further divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of patients between the age range of 21-30 years n=18 (22.22%). Group 2 have patients between the age range of 31-40 years n=43 (53.09%) and Group 3 consisted of age range of 41-50 years patients n=20 (24.69%).Highest prevalence of distal caries was related to level A (68.33%) and periodontal disease was prevalent in level C followed by level B molars Conclusion: Regardless of eruption status, 3rd molar is associated with occurrence of periodontal disease and caries on 2nd mandibular molars. Ergo, regular clinical evaluations and monitoring are required even in apparently symptom free 3rd mandibular molars, as their existence is analogous to Distal Surface Caries (DSC) and PPD≥5mm development in mandibular 2nd molars. Else, to improve the long term survival of 2nd mandibular molars, prophylactic extraction of 3rd mandibular molars can be considered as a treatment option. Keywords: Eruption status, distal surface caries, periodontal disease.
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