Background and Objective: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an evolutionary disorder in the retina of premature infants. Nowadays, the prevalence rate of retinopathy has increased due to the advancement of medical facilities and the increased survival of preterm infants. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of ROP and its related risk factors among infants admitted to and examined at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) affiliated to Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on all premature infants selected with census sampling methods and with a gestational age of fewer than 34 weeks who were hospitalized in NICU for four weeks or more. The premature infants were investigated regarding the incidence of retinopathy and its risk factors. Results: Out of 80 neonates under study, 24 (30%) cases suffered from ROP, of which 16 and 8 neonates were in stage I and II of ROP, respectively. Moreover, the mean gestational age of newborns was 29.71±2.16 weeks, and more than 75% of ROP were observed in neonates under 29 weeks' gestational age. In addition, the results revealed that ROP correlated significantly with gestational age, low birth weight, 1 st and 5 th minute Apgar scores, the need to resuscitation, the use of inotropic drugs, and duration of oxygen therapy. However, there was a significant relationship between low birth weight and retinopathy based on the results obtained from logistic regression. Conclusion:The prevalence rate of ROP stands on average regarding the results obtained from Iranian and foreign published data. Among the independent variables that affect retinopathy, low birth weight was the only significant variable affecting the incidence of retinopathy.

Background: Birth injuries occur during the birth process. The progress made in birth care and prenatal diagnosis has reduced the prevalence of birth injuries around the globe. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of birth injuries and their determining factors in Hamadan Fatemieh Hospital, 2020 - 2021. Methods: In this case- control study, all live births between 2020 and 2021 were examined on the first day of birth. In the case of detecting any birth injury, the cases were categorized by injury type and were recorded on a pre-designed form along with the risk factors. An equal number of neonates with no birth injuries were also examined for the same risk factors. Independent test and chi-square test was used to assess in two groups. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: During the study, 66 birth injuries were recorded among 5,592 births (incidence rate 11.8 per 1,000 live births). Proportion incidence of birth injuries were caput succedaneum (28.8%), cephalohematoma (22.7%), ecchymosis (9.1%), subgaleal hemorrhage (7.6%), hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (7.6%), Erb’s palsy (6.1%), abrasion and subconjunctival hemorrhage (3%), and laceration and humerus fracture and clavicle fracture (1.5%). Control group was included 65 neonates without any types of birth injury whom matched with cases in gestational age and weight. According to findings of two groups, these factors lower gestational age, lower Apgar, delivery method (vaginal), and responsible person for delivery significantly related with incidence of birth injuries (P-value < 0.05). Conclusions: The most prevalent birth injury in Fatemieh Hamadan Medical Training Center was soft tissue injuries, that course training should be provided for health workers.

10.30699/jambs.30.142.438Background & Objective: There are variable results regarding lipid profile status in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). We aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum lipids and RDS in preterm infants. Materials & Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on preterm infants admitted to Hamadan Fatemieh and Besat Hospitals between the years 2018-2019. Each infant was evaluated regarding RDS severity, serum lipid profile, ventilator use, and length of hospital stay. SPSS 16 was utilized to analyze the data at a 95% confidence interval.Results: Out of 294 neonates, 51% were male. The mean birth weight and gestational age were 1783.51 ±551.86 grams and 32.37 ± 2.46 weeks, respectively. Based on the severity of RDS, 9.1% were mild, 41.8% moderate and 49.1% were severe. In severe RDS, mean triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL were significantly higher and HDL lower than in mild RDS (P <0.001). Conclusion:In preterm infants with RDS, there is a significant relationship between serum lipid profile and severity of RDS, and also there is a significant correlation between serum lipid profile and birth weight and gestational age of neonates.

10.30699/jambs.30.142.438Background & Objective: There are variable results regarding lipid profile status in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). We aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum lipids and RDS in preterm infants. Materials & Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on preterm infants admitted to Hamadan Fatemieh and Besat Hospitals between the years 2018-2019. Each infant was evaluated regarding RDS severity, serum lipid profile, ventilator use, and length of hospital stay. SPSS 16 was utilized to analyze the data at a 95% confidence interval.Results: Out of 294 neonates, 51% were male. The mean birth weight and gestational age were 1783.51 ±551.86 grams and 32.37 ± 2.46 weeks, respectively. Based on the severity of RDS, 9.1% were mild, 41.8% moderate and 49.1% were severe. In severe RDS, mean triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL were significantly higher and HDL lower than in mild RDS (P <0.001). Conclusion:In preterm infants with RDS, there is a significant relationship between serum lipid profile and severity of RDS, and also there is a significant correlation between serum lipid profile and birth weight and gestational age of neonates.