Melanoma is a fatal type of skin cancer; the fury spread results in a high fatality rate when the malignancy is not treated at an initial stage. The patients’ lives can be saved by accurately detecting skin cancer at an initial stage. A quick and precise diagnosis might help increase the patient’s survival rate. It necessitates the development of a computer-assisted diagnostic support system. This research proposes a novel deep transfer learning model for melanoma classification using MobileNetV2. The MobileNetV2 is a deep convolutional neural network that classifies the sample skin lesions as malignant or benign. The performance of the proposed deep learning model is evaluated using the ISIC 2020 dataset. The dataset contains less than 2% malignant samples, raising the class imbalance. Various data augmentation techniques were applied to tackle the class imbalance issue and add diversity to the dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed deep learning technique outperforms state-of-the-art deep learning techniques in terms of accuracy and computational cost.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence, level of knowledge and lifestyle association of acne vulgaris among undergraduate medical students of a public sector institute of Pakistan and to evaluate the level of knowledge and different lifestyle factors with gender and all the years of study. We aim to find most common factor associated with acne in our young generation, their understanding and misconception so that the clinical perception of future health professionals and therefore of the community regarding acne vulagris can be improved. Methodology In this cross-sectional study carried out among undergraduate medical students, the data was collected using stratified random sampling technique. A paper-based self-made English questionnaire was distributed to the participants by the researchers. Chi square test was used to compare differences of different categorical variables across gender and academic years. Results: A total of 170 medical students were recruited for the study according to the calculated sample size. More than half of the students (n:110; 64.7%) had acne vulgaris out of which 75 (68%) were females. Years of study were significantly related to knowledge. Gender was significantly related to lifestyle where females had acne lesions appearing more at the time of stress. However, females had less disturbed sleep as compared to males. Conclusions: Acne is a prevalent problem in the medical community with females being most affected. Help seeking attitude was lacking and knowledge was adequate with some misconceptions. Hormones and stress were the most perceived causal factors. However, stress was the only significantly associated lifestyle factor.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the duration and severity of symptoms experienced by Health care workers (HCWs) after receiving first dose of COVID-19 vaccine and to compare these symptoms with respect to age, gender, previous infection with COVID-19 and history of allergies.Methods: Data for this cross-sectional analytical study was collected using simple random sampling by filling a proforma after detailed in person interview of the selected HCWs of Rawalpindi Medical University between May 2021 to September 2021. However, those HCWs who had co-morbidities were excluded from the study.Results: A total of 350 participants were interviewed and data was analyzed by SPSS 25. Out of 350 participants 205 (58.6%) experienced symptom after receiving the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Most common symptom was local pain at injection site (58%). Other symptoms include fatigue(41.5%) ,myalgia(33.2%) ,low grade fever (28.8%), headache(26.8%) ,high grade fever(6.3%),joint pain(7.8%), Giddiness(5.4%), sore throat(5.9%),nausea (4.9%), diarrhea(2%) ,constipation(1.5%), insomnia(1%), allergic rash(1.5%).Women were likely to experience more symptoms as well as earlier onset of symptoms. Older age was related to late appearance and longer duration of symptoms. People who have earlier been infected with COVID-19 were likely to experience more severe symptoms. Those having previous history of any allergies were more likely to experience post-vaccination symptoms. All these results were statistically significant with p value less than 0.05. Conclusion: Two-thirds of healthcare professionals who completed the survey reported mild and short-lived symptoms. These symptoms are the local and systemic manifestations of immunogenicity and reactogenicity of vaccines. No serious adverse event was reported hence further supporting the evidence for safety of these vaccines.

ABSTRACT Background: Covid 19 is highly contagious disease and Health care workers are always at risk because they are involved in care of suspected, asymptomatic and confirmed cases. It is worthwhile to adopt all practices for prevention of the disease, so they will be able to continue their duties without fear and stress of carrying infection. OBJECTIVE: To determine the number of health care workers who became Covid positive after performing caesarian sections or normal vaginal deliveries of Covid positive asymptomatic cases. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in Gynae/Obs department Of Shalamar Hospital Lahore from March 2020 to September 2020.All the health workers involved in surgeries and deliveries of Covid positive patients were included and they were asked to fill the proforma related to their exposure and development of any signs and symptoms of COVID-19 during the period of fourteen days after exposure. Findings were summarized and analyzed by using SPSS VERSION 22. Results: Total twenty patients who were Covid positive were delivered during this period. Sixty health care workers were involved in their care. During study period three health care workers one doctor and two staff nurses became Covid positive. These infected health care workers were not involved in surgery or delivery of these 20 Covid positive patients. Conclusion: If all the health care workers takes all corona precautionary measures while performing deliveries and C-sections of Covid positive patients risk of transmission to the surgical team can be reduced. Keywords: Covid-19, Health care workers