The COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the threat of future pandemics, has shifted the focus of automation technology, forcing many firms to migrate to remote working in order to boost productivity. The goal of this study is to investigate the COVID-19 effect on automation-related jobs, remote work, and labor productivity in Nigeria. The data collected for this research paper was cumulative monthly data from March 2020 to April 2021 via world health organization website for Nigeria confirmed cases of COVID-19 while other data are automation related jobs, remote working and labor productivity in Nigeria. This study uses empirical analysis such as the Johansen co-integration test to assess whether the series are cointegrated, implying the usage of a vector error correction model (VECM) and indicating that the variables have a long-term relationship. A causality test was also carried out, which revealed that COVID-19 had a considerable impact on automation, remote work, and labor productivity in Nigeria. In the meantime, COVID-19, automation-related professions, remote working, and labor productivity are all linked in the short and long run, according to the Johansen cointegration, vector auto regression (VAR), and vector error correction models (VECM). Granger causality demonstrates that COVID-19 occurrences in Nigeria have a causal effect on the risk of automation-related professions, distant work, and labor productivity, demonstrating the study's value.
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Obesity occurs as a result of an imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure leading to excessive accumulation of adipose tissue. NAFLD is the most common liver condition and related to the resistance of insulin. Insulin resistance is associated with an increased influx of lipid into the liver promoting accumulation of hepatic triglyceride. This study aims to develop an experimental model of hepatic steatosis with lipid over-accumulation. HepG2 cells were cultured for 24 hours in free fatty acid media (1:2 palmitic acid and oleic acid respectively). Intracellular lipid content and lipotoxicity were determined by oil red O staining followed by colorimetric detection. This experiment was accomplished by defining the experimental conditions of lipid exposure that leads to significant intracellular fat accumulation in the absence of lipotoxicity with 1 mM of free fatty acid media. As a result, oleic and palmitic acids could be over-accumulated in HepG2 cells. 1 mM free fatty acid media did not affect the cell integrity and did not cause lipotoxicity of the cells.
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