Noting the recent resurgence of housing as a political issue, this article takes a historic view of the origins of the current housing crisis. While the foundations of the contemporary housing system were laid in the period following the First World War, the roots of the crisis lie in two developments in the 1980s: the privatisation of the social housing stock through the Right to Buy and the growth of mortgage lending in response to financial liberalisation. These two changes combined to produce an upsurge in ground rent on residential land and a restructuring of housing consumption and production around the pursuit of this ground rent. This article ends by outlining a range of policy measures and considering the prospects for their implementation.
eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Consumer Culture. London: Sage Publications due for publication in 2018: https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/the-sage-handbook-ofconsumer-culture/book245907 IntroductionIt is now over twenty years since Fine and Leopold (1993) first detailed the systems of provision (SoP) approach. Developed as a response to traditional 'horizontal' views of consumption, whereby discipline-specific factors were used to explain consumption across a range of goods and contexts, the approach seeks to examine consumption vertically and in its concrete specificity by looking at the full chain of activities underpinning the material production and cultural significance of different goods. As such, the approach avoids overgeneralising the relevance of particular factors, instead recognising that any instance of consumption is shaped by a shifting array of context-specific determinants. This requires a fundamentally interdisciplinary outlook, eclectically but systematically drawing on concepts and theories from different disciplines in an inductive fashion determined by the issue at hand.In addition to seeking a vertical and genuinely interdisciplinary perspective on consumption, the SoP approach was motivated by a perceived need to bridge the material and the cultural, by acknowledging that discursive practices are constitutive of consumption, but that such practices are in turn constrained by material circumstances. This outlook was This is the accepted version of a chapter that will appear in the forthcoming title Kravets, Olga and Maclaran, Pauline and Miles, Steven and Venkatesh, Alladi, (eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Consumer Culture. London: Sage Publications due for publication in 2018: https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/the-sage-handbook-ofconsumer-culture/book245907 Accepted version downloaded from SOAS Research Online: http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/24426/ 2 originally driven by dissatisfaction with both neoclassical utility theory and postmodernism, with each being overly subjectivist in its own peculiar ways. However, the approach has since been developed as part of a broader interest in material cultures and the co-constitution of consumption practices and meanings through material and cultural determinants. The SoP approach defines such determinants broadly, encompassing not just the circumstances of material production, but also the social characteristics of different consumers and the broader context within which consumption takes place. The suggestion is that the material culture of consumption needs to be located in terms of the modes of provision as a whole and not simply by virtue of the more immediate relationship between consumer and consumed. Accordingly, what was eventually to become the 10Cs approach to the material culture of consumption was developed. This chapter elaborates on the development of the SoP approach in terms of these specific theoretical stances. But this contribution is also concerned to push the study of consumption further in two otherwise heavily neglected areas. One is to br...
This paper offers a wide-ranging introduction to the symposium on the material culture of financialisation. This collection of papers provides a number of detailed examples of the diverse ways in which finance and financialisation have become absorbed into many aspects of everyday life and the way in which material cultures have adapted so that this has become increasingly normalised. Each of material culture (cultural political economy) and financialisation has now attracted extensive literatures, incorporating equally diverse sets of conceptualisations that have mixed relations to one another and to their objects of enquiry. Our approach sets out its own framings in dealing with financialisation itself and its relationships to economic and social reproduction, including material culture. These framings may appear to be arbitrary but each has its own logic relative to its subject matter and to one another, as well as in traversing the connections between financialisation and material culture. Like others, we seek to escape simple dichotomies in which finance is perceived to be either real or imagined (fictitious) by forging links in the context of finance between material practices and their associated meanings (Haiven 2014). Our approach draws upon the system of provision, SoP, approach (Fine 2002 and 2103). It conceives the economy as dependent upon distinct but overlapping SoPs, most obviously attached but not confined to different sectors of commodity production (for consumption). These SoPs interact with the material cultures that shape norms, values, meanings and practices associated with provisioning. We characterise these material cultures in terms of a number of core features which has been termed the 10Cs-that these cultures are Constructed, Construed, Conforming, Commodified, Contextual, Contradictory, Closed, Contested, Collective and Chaotic. The 10Cs are designed to capture or to bridge both the
Diminution of repetition is common, and appears to mark response to cholinesterase inhibition in some patients. Responders generally also show improved cognition and function, perhaps as an aspect of improved executive function.
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