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cial support. 14 This responsibility can cause emotional and physical stress, which may later impact the nurses' health, well-being, and relationships. 13 This study explores the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on RNs. Since nurses are a key resource in any disease outbreak, it is important to know and understand the psychological factors that affected nurses providing patient care during a pandemic. These effects could impact nurses' ability or willingness to work. Identifying these effects can assist healthcare systems in minimizing risks of psychological distress and increasing nurses' willingness to work. The findings of this study can also be used to inform and update nursing education programs on how to better prepare future nurses for disease outbreak situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Research designTo guide this project, the team looked to the Neuman Systems Model, as its focus involves stress factors that impact a person's health and well-being. 15 Drawing from several theories and disciplines, the model incorporates the General Systems Theory, Gestalt Theory, and de Chardin and Marx philosophies. 16 General Systems Theory postulates that a group of interconnected parts is influenced by each other and the environment. 17 Gestalt Theory proposes that the whole is greater and different from the sum of its parts. 18 The de Chardin and Marxist philosophies describe the whole- AbstractPurpose: To explore the psychological factors that impacted RNs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Survey response data were collected from 151 respondents across 25 states and various healthcare system settings. Results: RNs in clinical settings had slightly more emotional stress than those in academia. Concerns ranged from personal health and family considerations to large-scale sociopolitical issues. Conclusions: RNs in all settings experienced at least some emotional stress during the early stages of the pandemic. However, in a majority of respondents, none of the stressors individually or in combination were so great as to encourage departure from the profession.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of physical activity intensity prescription using real-time cadence on achieving the required intensities for health benefits. Forty adults (18-65 years) participated in the study. The intensity prescriptions included Rating of Perceived Exertion, Talk Test, Heart Rate, and Real-Time Cadence. The participants performed a2-min trial for both moderateand vigorous-intensity according to each prescription. Atri-axial accelerometer was used as acriterion measure. After completion of the trials, participant's preference for the prescriptions was assessed by three domains (e.g., understanding, performing, maintaining). The compliance and achievement rates of RC were calculated and compared to other prescription methods. Coefficient of Variance was used to evaluate the extent of variation of intensity during the trials. Higher compliance rates were found in both moderate-(92.1%) and vigorous-intensity (94.9%) when using RC. When using RC, most participants (92.5%) were able to achieve the targeted moderate-intensity, but not for vigorous-intensity although asignificant difference was found between the two intensities (p < .001). Overall, RC was the most favoured method in all three domains. RC is apromising tool to prescribe moderate-intensity of physical activity for health benefits but still needs to be refined on prescribing vigorous-intensity.