Patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery may experience pain that is acute, chronic, or a combination of the two, with less than half of all surgical patients reporting adequate pain relief (Chou et al., 2016). Unrelieved acute pain can result in many adverse sequelae including delayed healing, increased morbidity, pulmonary complications, limited rehabilitation participation, anxiety, depression, increased length of stay, prolonged duration of opioid use, and the development of chronic pain (Glare et al., 2019;Quinlan-Colwell, 2020).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.