Codependence is used increasingly to describe various dysfunctional relationships. This article differentiates codependent from contradependent behavior and defines both in an interpersonal context. A model is proposed to address gender issues, diagnosis, and treatment from an emotional health perspective.
24 male and 26 female students in introductory psychology completed questionnaires assessing six dimensions of anxiety: planning, doing a library search, administration of a test or instrument, doing statistical analysis, writing out research results, and presenting the results to an advisor or professor. Six applications of Cole and Oetting's Concept-specific Anxiety Scale were utilized to examine the dimensions of trainee-researchers' anxiety and scores on six subscales were analyzed. Identifiable trainee-researchers' anxiety was found, and scores on the Anxiety About Research Scale discriminated among the various dimensions. Specifically, anxiety about statistics was a significant area of anxiety for men and women, with women indicating more anxiety than men. Presentation of results to an advisor or professor produced identifiable anxiety, as did administration of a test. Implications are discussed.
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