Diabetic macular edema (DME) is an accumulation of fluid in the central retina, secondary to vascular-leakage from diabetic vascular damage. DME and other ophthalmic sequela of diabetes are the leading cause of blindness in 20 to 74-year-olds. The development of VEGF-inhibitors (anti-VEGF) has revolutionized DME treatment improving the clinician's ability to remove excess fluid from the macula, improving visual-acuity. Aflibercept is an anti-VEGF agent made of a recombinant fusion protein (consisting of VEGF receptors 1 and 2 extracellular domains) fused with the Fc-portion of human-IgG1, which binds both VEGF isoforms A and B, and placental growth factor. Phase III clinical trials and published scientific studies have demonstrated the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept injection in the treatment of DME.
Although the specificity and positive predictive value were acceptable, the sensitivity and negative predictive value of the OPTEC 5500 vision screener were below average when compared to other available devices, exhibiting some of the weaknesses of the device. Additional studies of the OPTEC 5500 vision screener with a larger population are necessary to assess the device in the general pediatric population, such as in general pediatric clinics and public schools. Additionally, other options for pediatric vision screening devices should be explored. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2018;55(3):189-193.].
individual items in the 3 MDADI domains: 65% (emotional), 75% (functional) and 59% (physical). All 17 SSQ items demonstrated weak correlations with the E3 (-.11 to-.43), E7 (0 to-.12), P3 (0 to-.36) and P4 (-.09 to-.35) MDADI items. Summation of the SSQ and MDADI scores in each of the domains increased the correlation coefficients to moderate strength: emotional (-.69), functional (-.66), physical (-.77) and total MDADI (-.77). Conclusion: The SSQ correlates poorly with the MDADI and provides complementary dysphagia PRO in the treated HNC patient. The findings have implications on the use of swallow-related PROs in current and future treatment de-intensification studies.
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