This article aims to provide a thorough assessment of water quality and quantity incorporating the estimation of future patterns as a result of climate change from economic, environmental and social perspectives. Its scope extends from studying the physical parameters and rainfall patterns to maintaining an environmental flow with a better water quality using ecohydrological techniques. The village of Nagaa Mobarak in Souhag, Egypt, is taken as a case study being in a critical location that is vulnerable to flash floods. This paper managed to quantify change in water quantity and quality due to the impacts of flash floods and climate change. Several traditional engineering alternatives are proposed for flood management such as constructing a dam, a storage pond and a routing channel to the nearest water body; as well as non-traditional ecohydrological alternatives such as constructing a dam with vegetated foreshore, natural levees and constructed wetlands. The results of applying these methods for our case study showed that a hybrid solution that employs both traditional and non-traditional solutions for flood management is optimal. A constructed wetland along a section of the constructed channel for diverting flow into the Nagaa Hammade Canal would decrease the runoff volume and peak time so that the capacity of the Canal is not exceeded in a flood event and purifies the incoming stormwater improving its quality and the health of the ecosystem within the canal. Moreover, our proposed approach was investigated and found to target 10 out of the 17 UN SDGs.

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Flash floods are serious phenomenon that attacks and troubles people in many areas' under-mountain region, so the society should deal with these extreme natural events. This article is showing an example of flash flood modeling to protect the urban bani wasil village from the flash flood risk, so obstacle dam with channel have been used to flash flood mitigation purpose. A design flood wave that used, is for recommence period of 100 years, which estimate by HEC-HMS to be 456,000 m 3 total runoff volume. EPA's SWMM software was used for numerical modeling, which includes flood mitigation calculation. Additionally, the cost for dam with channel construction was estimated as early stage for the project.

This study aims at the evaluation of water resources use in Lake Tana sub-basin based on the status of eight development projects that are planned to be executed in this region. Remote sensing and satellite imaging have been used in addition to their product applications. This is vital due to its hydrological significance and direct impact on Egyptian water resources. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) has been calculated, for the year 2017, to recognize the agriculture land use and land cover. Then, by integration with the potential agriculture projects basic data, such as water consumption and crop pattern, water resources use in the basin was evaluated and quantified. The analysis performed in this study showed the following: the Koga project was the only implemented project from the proposed eight irrigation and drainage projects; the Megech and SouthWest (SW) Tana projects are still under construction. The density of the vegetation cover varies yearly from 75% to 100% in the Gumera project, whereas it did not exceed 40% in the NorthEast and NorthWest Tana projects. It varies from 15% to 100% in the Megech, Ribb, SouthWest Tana, and Gilgel Abbay projects. Projects' calculated NDVI coverages reflect the behavior of the local community in cultivation depending on rainfall (green water), or by direct extraction from rivers as supplementary irrigation (Blue Water). This behavior may be based on their own interests and uses, not based on planning or investment, except for the Koga project. The water consumption from those projects is estimated at about 933 million m 3 /year.

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Flash flood disasters have a significant impact and cause immense damages to lives and infrastructure. This study will assess the risk of flash floods in Gulf of Aqaba Basins (GAB), Sinai Peninsula. Watershed Modeling System (WMS) package was used to automatically delineate the drainage network and determine the hydro-morphological parameters of 33 GAB sub basins via the 90 m Digital Elevation Model files. These data were statistically analyzed applying Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) technique to create flash flood hazard scale with and without outliers. Based on the resulted hazard scale MCA technique, it was found that 4% of the studied basins with high hazard degree (class five) while moderately high hazardous basins (class four) represent 32%. Class three contained 29% of the studied basins (moderate hazardous). While the moderately low hazardous basins (class two) contained 18% and the rest belongs to low hazardous degree. It is highly recommended to put into consideration this scale before investing in any flash flood protection projects in the study area.

Due to the massive amounts of freshwater consumed in dairy industries, as a result, thousands of liters of wastewater were produced as one liter of milk produces 10 liters of wastewater which represents a major threat to the surrounding environment and aquatic life. The application of a promising technology called “effective microorganism (EM)” was the key solution due to its low operating cost, low technology, and eco-friendly condition. Three different effective microorganisms were used, such as Bacillus bacteria (EM1), Staphylococcus bacteria (EM2), and EM stoste + Molasses (EM3). EM1 and EM2 were isolated from the dairy wastewater by using streaking for isolation on an agar plate process, while EM3 was prepared by mixing 12 % EM stoste, 6% molasses, and 82% distilled water. A laboratory pilot consists of aeration and final settling tanks, both tanks followed by an activated carbon filter. Four trials were performed, the first trial was without any EM, the second trial was adding EM1 with a dose of 50 ml to the aeration tank, the third trial was EM2 with a dose of 50 ml to the aeration tank, finally adding EM3 with a dose of 30 ml to the aeration tank. Results showed that using Bacillus bacteria (EM1) was the most effective trial as it was effective in reducing TSS (total suspended solids), BOD (biological oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), TN (total nitrogen), and TP (total phosphorous) concentrations by removal efficiency of 93%, 96.2%, 95.9%, 94%, and 64%, respectively which were below the limitations of the Egyptian code for reuse for irrigation purposes.