Because of the heath measures taken during the outbreak of Covid-19, the lack of educational methods has become the primary concern among educational professionals who have been using technology as a motivational tool. Gamification is very important because it helps students to represent their study contents and enrich their experiences of higher education when learning in-person is unavailable during the Covid-19 period. This study seeks to present an Android-based gamification app to evaluate the effect of using gamification and e-quizzes on college students' learning. We used the visual blocks language from the MIT App Inventor platform to develop an application, available at (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=appinventor.ai_mekomerofofo. projectGamification). The participants were students from level 2 who used digital lessons for learning MATLAB. The study included gamified learning and non-gamified learning, both integrated into lesson plans, to investigate the differences in learners' performance. Two types of quizzes were used for instruction: gamified e-quizzes and paper-based quizzes. The outcomes plainly showed that using the new gamified e-quiz was more effective than using paper-based quizzes. They are better for assessing the learning performance of the students in question, specifically in terms of formative assessment. It is very important for instructors to apply games as a modern and innovation-oriented tool through which students can be engaged in an attractive, competitive experience.
Summary
Organizations tend to store their sensitive data on trusted cloud data storage server to protect it from outside security attacks. However, storing data on the cloud has serious security issues like data misuse from the cloud vendors themselves and attacks from outsources. In this manner, the organizations tend to encrypt their data before storing it in the cloud to protect against the misuse from the cloud vendors and other outer attacks. This article offers an enhancement to Secure Data Sharing in the Cloud (SeDaSc) system in terms of enhancing security metrics related to data privacy and disk storage handling. In the proposed system, the cryptographic server (CS) has been treated a semi‐trusted entity by not giving direct access to the data directly. The data encryption is carried at the client side. While, the keys generation and other related cryptographic operations as the access control list (ACL) management are carried at the CS. The client generates the hash of the file needed to be shared in the cloud and then sends such hash to the CS. Then, the CS uses the hash to generate the cryptographic key and sends it to the client for encryption process. Further, the proposed system achieves better disk management by only updating the ACL in case of uploading the same file more than once. The CS stores generated key hash and whenever receives a new file, the CS compares the hash of the generated key with other stored hashes. The hash computation in key generation in the proposed system makes the key generation process varies with data size in compare with the key generation process in SeDaSc that is independent on data size. Furthermore, in the case of identical hashes, the ACL will only be updated. Therefore, the identical files neither will be encrypted nor uploaded to cloud twice. The proposed system has been represented mathematically and graphically using high level petri net model and simulated by python language environment.
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