Spatial Time Division Multiple Access(STDMA) is a conflict free MAC protocol for multihop ad hoc networks where links or nodes are scheduled t o transmit in periodical slots. This paper analyzes the performance of a novel routing and scheduling strategy t o create the schedule in STDMA, named Reuse Adaptive Minimum Hop Algorithm (RA-MHA). RA-MHA uses the set of minimum hop paths between sources and destinations as well as previously suggested schedule strategies in order t o assign link transmissions. The results show that when directional antenna patterns are used, RA-MHA produces substantial improvement in throughput and packet delay.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has grossly impacted how we deliver healthcare and how healthcare institutions derive value from the care provided. Adapting to new technologies and reimbursement patterns were challenges that had to be met by the institutions while patients struggled with decisions to prioritize concerns and to identify new pathways to care. With the implementation of social distancing practices, telemedicine plays an increasing role in patient care delivery, particularly in the field of Neurology. This is of particular concern in our cancer patient population given that these patients are often at increased infectious risk on immunosuppressive therapies and often have mobility limitations. We reviewed telemedicine practices in neurology pre-/post-COVID-19 and evaluated the neuro-oncology clinical practice approaches of two large care systems, Barrow Neurological Institute and Geisinger Health. Practice metrics were collected for impact on clinic volumes, institutional recovery techniques, and task force development to address COVID-19 specific issues. Neuro-Oncology divisions reached >67% of pre-pandemic capacity (patient visits and slot utilization) within 3-weeks and returned to >90% capacity within 6-weeks of initial closures due to COVID-19. The two health systems rapidly and effectively implemented telehealth practices to recover patient volumes. While telemedicine will not replace the in-person clinical visit, telemedicine will likely continue to be an integral part of neuro-oncologic care. Telemedicine has potential for expanding access in remote areas and provides a convenient alternative to patients with limited mobility, transportation, or other socioeconomic complexities that otherwise challenge patient visit adherence.
.Vehicular safety applications have much significance in preventing road accidents and fatalities. Among others, cellular networks have been under investigation for the procurement of these applications subject to stringent requirements for latency, transmission parameters, and successful delivery of messages. Earlier contributions have studied utilization of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) under single cell, Friis radio, or simplified higher layer. In this paper, we study the utilization of LTE under multicell and multipath fading environment and introduce the use of adaptive awareness range. Then, we propose an algorithm that uses the concept of quality of service (QoS) class identifiers (QCIs) along with dynamic adaptive awareness range. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of background traffic on the proposed algorithm. Finally, we utilize medium access control (MAC) layer elements in order to fulfill vehicular application requirements through extensive system-level simulations. The results show that, by using an awareness range of up to 250 m, the LTE system is capable of fulfilling the safety application requirements for up to 10 beacons/s with 150 vehicles in an area of 2 × 2 km 2 . The urban vehicular radio environment has a significant impact and decreases the probability for end-toend delay to be ≤100 ms from 93%-97% to 76%-78% compared to the Friis radio environment. The proposed algorithm reduces the amount of vehicular application traffic from 21 Mbps to 13 Mbps, while improving the probability of end-to-end delay being ≤100 ms by 20%. Lastly, use of MAC layer control elements brings the processing of messages towards the edge of network increasing capacity of the system by about 50%.
Vehicular communications have been an incentive for driver safety and ultimately autonomous smart vehicles. These vehicular networks have strict requirements with transmission frequency, range, and delay. From previous contributions, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been found to meet the requirements for vehicular networks. Extensive realistic system level simulations, including multipath and multi cell environments, have been carried out to evaluate the performance of LTE networks for vehicular communications. This paper improves upon previously contributed simulations by introducing Safety Application Identifier along with an algorithm that implements differentiated Quality of Service (QoS) for different safety applications that are handled by the vehicular server located within the LTE core network. Results show that the probability of end-to-end delay below 100 ms increases by 20%, downlink goodput of the system improves reducing the amount of vehicular application traffic, and eventually the number of downlink flows is reduced by 60%; improving network capacity. Moreover, with the implementation of the proposed algorithm, high QoS can be achieved for vehicular safety applications in terms of delay and packet delivery.
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