Colletotrichum chrysophilum (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Glomerellaceae) is a species belonging to the C. gloeosporioides complex. Described in 2017 as responsible for anthracnose on Musa acuminata (banana plants; Vieira et al. 2017), C. chrysophilum has been associated with Persea americana (avocado) and Prunus persica (peach) (Talhinhas and Baroncelli 2021). Moreover, together with Colletotrichum fructicola and C. noveboracense, it is considered one of the major causal agents of Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) and Apple bitter rot (ABR) diseases on Malus domestica (apple) (Astolfi et al. 2022; Khodadadi et al. 2020). Originally, C. chrysophilum was presumed to be limited to the American and Asian continents (Astolfi et al. 2022; Talhinhas and Baroncelli 2021), however, reports of GLS and ABR caused by this pathogen in European apple orchards, such as in Italy and Spain, start emerging in 2022 (Cabrefiga et al. 2022; Deltedesco and Oettl 2022).Colletotrichum chrysophilum was isolated in September 2021 from symptomatic leaves showing GLS symptoms from an apple orchard with a disease incidence close to 50%, in northern Italy (Province of Ferrara, Emilia-Romagna). The monosporic strain M932 was transferred onto fresh PDA medium (supplemented with 200 ml/L streptomycin and 200 ml/L neomycin) and incubated at 20 °C for 10 days * Antonio Prodi
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