Averaging up to 4 preoperative IOP values improved postoperative IOP predictions. A high iris cross-sectional area or convex hull of the iris segments on AS-OCT was associated with lower postoperative IOP. These findings might help identify patients who are likely to have the largest IOP drop after cataract surgery.
Predictions of human pesticide metabolism which are needed for the interpretation of biological monitoring data are frequently made from animal studies. Consequently, assumptions have to be made about the relationship between absorbed dose and metabolite excretion. The results from two human volunteer studies highlight the problems associated with extrapolating from animal studies in this way. The pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin shows markedly different metabolite patterns when administered orally or dermally in man. Following dermal dosing the ratio of trans/cis cyclopropane acids is approximately 1:1, compared to 2:1 after oral administration. The ratio of total cyclopropane acids to phenoxybenzoic acids also differs depending on the route (dermal 1:4, oral 1:0.8). A knowledge of human metabolism by these two routes enables a much more meaningful interpretation of biological monitoring measurements. The herbicide molinate forms a mercapturate conjugate as a major urinary metabolite in the rat (35%). In volunteers at low dose levels this metabolite is present at insignificant levels (< 1%) and 4-hydroxymolinate is a much more abundant metabolite (39%). This shows that extrapolation between species can be very misleading. It is concluded that the benefits of using human volunteers for metabolism studies at low doses far outweigh the minimal risks involved. As a basis for biological monitoring such studies can lead to a greatly improved risk assessment for pesticides in use.
To predict postoperative refractive astigmatism in the second eye undergoing cataract surgery using standard biometry and information obtained from the first eye. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 160 patients undergoing bilateral sequential phacoemulsification with capsular bag implantation of a hydrophobic acrylic lens at a Veterans Affairs medical center. Keratometric and refractive astigmatism were described by Jackson cross cylinder with-the-rule (J 0) and oblique (J X) components. Preoperative predictors of postoperative refractive astigmatism in the second eye were determined by multivariable regression. Results: The postoperative refractive astigmatism in the first eye predicted 40% of the variation in the second eye (r 2 = 0.40; P Ͻ .001). The multivariable model to predict postoperative with-the-rule astigmatism was
Introduction. Previous cataract surgery studies assumed that first-eye predicted and observed postoperative refractions are equally important for predicting second-eye postoperative refraction. Methods. In a retrospective analysis of 173 patients having bilateral sequential phacoemulsification, multivariable linear regression was used to predict the second-eye postoperative refraction based on refractions predicted by the SRK-T formula for both eyes, the first-eye postoperative refraction, and the difference in IOL selected between eyes. Results. The first-eye observed postoperative refraction was an independent predictor of the second eye postoperative refraction (P < 0.001) and was weighted more heavily than the first-eye predicted refraction. Compared with the SRK-T formula, this model reduced the root-mean-squared (RMS) error of the predicted refraction by 11.3%. Conclusions. The first-eye postoperative refraction is an independent predictor of the second-eye postoperative refraction. The first-eye predicted refraction is less important. These findings may be due to interocular symmetry.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.