Reverse engineering is a technology that enables acceleration of data collecting for CAD, CAM, CAE systems, which also means shortening time of development, construction and components production. It is a transfer process of a physical component to a digital format. Generally, the technology of reverse engineering means a conversion of analogue data to digital data that are further processed. Every single industry branch rising their requirements on accuracy, dimension, quality, etc. Therefore, digitisation is applied in many production fields such as an automotive industry, aircraft or shipping, medicine, industrial design, design, etc. An article deals with an analysis of prototype models of gears in various stages of production. The realized inspection of a shape of prototype gears lied in uploading of a digitised referential CAD model (the gear after heat treatment and machining), subsequent setting up of digitised prototype gears (the gear after the machining, gear after heat treatment) in respect of this referential CAD model, a control of their dimensions and forming a colour map of deviations in chosen points.
Reverse engineering is a technology that enables acceleration of data acquisition for CAD, CAM, CAE systems and thus greatly reduces the time of development, design and production of components. In general, reverse engineering technology can be considered as the conversion of analog data to digital data, which is further processed. Individual industries are still increasing their demands for accuracy, size, quality, and so, therefore the use of digitization is found in many manufacturing areas such as the automotive, aerospace, shipping, medicine, industrial design, design, and so on. The paper deals with the analysis of the prototype component of the agitator gearbox in the form of a rough and chip-machined casting. The inspection of the shape of the gearbox consisted in reading the reference CAD model, establishing the digitized shape with respect to this reference model, checking the dimensions and creating a color map of the variations at selected points.
The Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) method is an additive technology that is used for the creation of prototypes within Rapid Prototyping (RP) as well as for the creation of final components in piece or small-series production. The possibility of using FFF technology in the creation of final products requires knowledge of the properties of the material and, at the same time, how these properties change due to degradation effects. In this study, the mechanical properties of the selected materials (PLA, PETG, ABS, and ASA) were tested in their non-degenerate state and after exposure of the samples to the selected degradation factors. For the analysis, which was carried out by the tensile test and the Shore D hardness test, samples of normalized shape were prepared. The effects of UV radiation, high temperature environments, high humidity environments, temperature cycles, and exposure to weather conditions were monitored. The parameters obtained from the tests (tensile strength and Shore D hardness) were statistically evaluated, and the influence of degradation factors on the properties of individual materials was assessed. The results showed that even between individual manufacturers of the same filament there are differences, both in the mechanical properties and in the behavior of the material after exposure to degradation effects.
The paper deals with the production of a prototype of aesthetic eye prosthesis using procedures related to reverse engineering technology. Due to the complexity of the prosthesis shape, the 3D model was obtained by scanning a hand-made acrylic prosthesis on the ATOS Compact Scan. Following the pattern of manual production, the model geometry underwent a modification in 3ds Max software, where a planar surface was created in the selected area for the iris texture. By this shape change, the core of the prosthesis prototype was created. Using the UV mapping, the texture of the iris was placed on the surface of the model, which was obtained by modifying a photo from a slit camera. The core of the prosthesis prototype was printed on a full-color 3D printer Stratasys J750, which uses additive PolyJet technology based on the curing of photopolymers. In order to form a biocompatible surface, the printed core was embedded in a clear acrylate in a mold made using an original acrylate prosthesis. The paper concludes with an overall evaluation of the achieved results with a description of problematic production steps and a proposal for a procedure for the future production of prostheses by 3D printing.
This paper deals with the study of high-strength M300 maraging steel produced using the selective laser melting method. Heat treatment consists of solution annealing and subsequent aging; the influence of the selected aging temperatures on the final mechanical properties—microhardness and compressive yield strength—and the structure of the maraging steel are described in detail. The microstructure of the samples is examined using optical and electron microscopy. The compressive test results show that the compressive yield strength increased after heat treatment up to a treatment temperature of 480 °C and then gradually decreased. The sample aged at 480 °C also exhibited the highest observed microhardness of 562 HV. The structure of this sample changed from the original melt pools to a relatively fine-grained structure with a high fraction of high-angle grain boundaries (72%).
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