In the domain of adjectival adjuncts (i.e. outside the nominal phrase), Russian and Polish employ distinct coding-strategies to express the semantic orientation of adjuncts towards either the event or one of its participants. Event-orientation, characteristic for adverbials (in a narrow sense), is typically expressed by adverbs. Adjectives, on the other hand, are used to reflect participant-orientation, thus being prototypical instances of secondary predicates. Nevertheless, especially in Polish, adverbs sometimes exhibit participantorientation rather than event-orientation. This resembles a phenomenon known from English as "transparent adverb", i.e. an adjunct that takes the form of an adverb and informs about the psychological state of a participant in the event, where this particular psychological state is considered the cause or consequence of the state of affairs denoted by the primary predication. The article investigates whether a category "transparent adverb" should be assumed for Polish and Russian, too.
In Polish and Russian, adjectives and adverbs occur in several syntactic functions, among others as adjuncts (i.e. as 'secondary predicates' and as adverbials) and, in copula clauses, as (primary) predicates. The choice between adjective and adverb is governed by certain syntacto-semantic factors: adjectives in these syntactic positions usually occur with orientation towards a noun phrase that denotes a first-order entity (i.e. an 'object' or a person), whereas adverbs usually exhibit orientation towards a higherorder entity (i.e. an event or a proposition). Adverbs denoting a lack of clothing, however, seem to be-at least to a certain degree-an exception to this rule, since they occur with semantic orientation towards personal referents in-seemingly free-variation with corresponding adjectival forms. This paper investigates these cases of morphosyntactic variation, examining to what extent they are indeed instances of free variation and how far semiotic factors like transparency and indexicality influence the choice of either adjective or adverb.Аннотация В русском и польском языках прилагательные и наречия могут за-нимать различные синтаксические позиции, в том числе позицию адъюнктов (т.е. 'вторичных предикатов' и обстоятельств), а в предложениях со связкой-позицию первичных предикатов (сказуемых). Выбор между прилагательным и наречием зави-сит от определенных синтактико-семантических факторов: прилагательные в этих позициях относятся, как правило, к именной группе, обозначающей сущность пер-вого порядка (т.е. 'вещь' или лицо), в то время как наречия обычно демонстри-руют отнесенность к сущностям высшего порядка (т.е. к событиям или пропо-зициям). Своего рода исключение, как нам представляется, составляют наречия, обозначающие отсутствие одежды. Такие наречия, семантически ориентированные на личных референтов, допускают свободную вариативность с соответствующими M. Renz ( ) · G. Hentschel
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.