The aim two groups time parallel 6-week experiment was to compare selected types of plyometric training. One group trained with gradation of external weight loading in eccentric phase (EXP1) and the second group increased drop height (EXP2) during drop jump training. We compared their effects on changes in selected strength abilities. We assessed the level of countermovement vertical jump height (CMJ), standing vertical jump height (SJ) and average force gradient in squat exercises with the knee joint in 90 ° by maximal isometric contraction at intervals of 0-50 ms (RFD50) and 0-200 ms (RFD200). The results showed that in CMJ EXP1 had improved by 1.01 cm (3.5%) (p<0.01). EXP2 improved by an average of 1.78 cm (5.5 %) (p<0.05). SJ in EXP1 average improved by 0.94 cm (3.5 %) (p = n.s.) in EXP2 by 1.91 cm (6.6 %) (p<0.05). In RDF50 the average increase observed after a period of training in EXP1 1.03 N.ms-1 (26.08 %) (p = n.s.) and EXP2 0.57 N.ms-1 (16.39 %) (p<0.05). In the EXP1 RFD200 the average increase was 2.51 N.ms-1 after a period of training (20.91 %) (p<0.01), while on average EXP2 improved by 1.05 N.ms-1 (10.04 %) (p = n.s.). Based on these results we recommend to improving of vertical jump height with a countermovement and force gradient in longer intervals (200 ms) to apply the external weight in the form of small dumbbells in eccentric phase of drop jump training. To standing jump height development and shorter time intervals of force gradient (50 ms) is recommended to use a gradual increase in height of drop in plyometric training.

Objektivizácia diagnostiky silovo-rýchlostných schopností je téma vysoko aktuálna. Väčšina štúdií bola doposiaľ zameraná na aktivitu svalových skupín, pomocou elektromyografie, v tlaku v ľahu na lavičke (benčprese) pri rôznych spôsoboch vykonania. Hlavným cieľom výskumu bolo porovnanie vybraných parametrov sily pri rôznych šírkach úchopu v tlaku v ľahu na vodorovnej lavičke. Hodnotili sme najvyšší priemerný výkon v celej a v akceleračnej časti koncentrickej fázy pohybu v stupňovanej diagnostickej sérii.Výsledky potvrdili hypotézy, pretože najvyšší priemerný výkon vo wattoch v celej koncentrickej fáze pohybu bol dosiahnutý úzkym úchopom s protipohybom 509,9±87,2 W v porovnaní s úchopom širokým 477,06±86,7 W (p<0,01). V akceleračnej časti koncentrickej fázy pohybu bol najvyšší priemerný výkon dosiahnutý úzkym úchopom s protipohybom 692,9±137,8 W. Širokým úchopom bol dosiahnutý najvyšší výkon 652,2±122,5 W (p<0,05). Odporúčame využívať úzky úchop v benčprese ako špeciálny prostriedok rozvoja silových schopností. Hlavne v športoch, ktorých biomechanická štruktúra pohybu je podobná ako napr. boby, hádzaná,karate, box a iné.

Abstract. The aim of this study was to assess movement patterns by using Functional Movement Screen in three categories of Slovak women´s national football teams during two occasions interpressed with one year. The reason for this was to answer the questions: 1. if there is a tendency to perform better in the screen with respect to age category, and 2. if the players who did the screen more times and recieve recommendations, perform better after a year, irrespective to age category. Our results showed that every category achieved significant improvements (p<0.10) in total test score when compared the two occasions (2013 vs. 2014), except WU17, where significant decrement was found (p<0.01). These results probably represent the fact, that the WU17 is the less experienced category regarding FMS TM, and the group where the most turbulence occurs in the nomination list. However, when we assessed the group of players who were present at both occasions of screening, irrespectively to age group they belong, results revealed significant overall improvements (p<0.05). In conclusion, we would suggest FMS TM as a useful tool to reveal potentially weak links in player's movement and therefore determine injury risk. Our results suggest that professional recommendations to remove these are effective and at least as much important as the screening scores alone.