RESUMO Paecilomyces lilacinus é uma espécie fúngica utilizada no controle biológico de nematóides, sendo uma das mais estudadas a campo. O trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar isolados de 05, 08, 09, 13, 20, 21, 38, 41, 44, 54, ESALQ 831 05, 08, 09, 13, 20, 21, 38, 41, 44, 54, ESALQ 831
Natural mycoflora associated with fumonisins were analyzed in 150 samples of freshly harvested corn from Central-Southern, Central-Western and Northern regions of the State of Paraná, Brazil and correlated to climatic conditions. The corn samples were frequently contaminated with Fusarium sp. (98.7 to 100%) and Penicillium sp. (93 to 100%), when compared to Aspergillus sp. (not detected to 27.7%). The highest contamination with potentially mycotoxigenic fungi occurred in corn harvested in the Central-Western region, where total mould and yeast counts ranged from 5.5 x 10(3) to 5.2 x 10(6) CFU/g, with 98.7% contaminated by Fusarium sp. and 93% by Penicillium sp. In this region F. moniliforme (F. verticillioides) was the predominant Fusarium sp., and was isolated in 85.9% of the samples. Aspergillus sp. was isolated from 27.7% samples. FB1 was detected in 100% of the samples (mean of 2.39 micrograms/g) and FB2 in 97.7% (mean of 1.09 micrograms/g). Fumonisins were also detected in all samples from Northern region, with mean of 4.56 micrograms/g (FB1) and 2.20 micrograms/g (FB2). Considering 1.0 microgram/g as the threshold, 72% of the corn samples from the Central-West and 92% from the North were contaminated with concentrations above this value, in contrast to a 18.5% contamination rate from Central-Southern samples. Between corn planting to harvesting season, the average maximum temperature and relative humidity were 26 degrees C and 77.1% (Central-Southern), 27 degrees C and 69% (Northern) and 29.9 degrees C and 89.1% (Central-Western). Therefore, the higher fumonisins contamination of corn from Northern region when compared to the Central-South were due to the differences in rainfall levels (92.8 mm in Central-Southern, 202 mm in Northern) during the month preceding harvest.
IIReação de cultivares e linhagens de feijoeiro em relação a Meloidogyne javanica e Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli Reaction of cultivars and lines of bean in relation to
RESUMOO conhecimento do comportamento natural da nogueira Pecan às principais doenças é de suma importância para o estabelecimento do planejamento da implantação da cultura. O controle fitossanitário e tratos culturais devem ser realizados de modo a não comprometerem a qualidade do produto final, as amêndoas. Foram avaliadas nozes produzidas na safra de 2005 e oriundas de Uraí-PR, pelas cultivares Burkett, Frotscher e Moneymaker, para identificar e quantificar os microrganismos associados à amêndoas e cascas dos frutos, bem como observar diferenças entre organismos colonizadores das cultivares. Os frutos foram avaliados na pós-colheita, aos trinta dias de armazenamento em ambiente, através da metodologia do papel de filtro, sendo submetidos ou não à assepsia superficial. O fungo Cladosporium caryigenum, promotor da rancificação das amêndoas foi observado, em amêndoas e cascas, nas cultivares Burkett, Frotscher e Moneymaker; Fusarium sp., foi encontrado em porcentuais elevados, tanto em amêndoas quanto em cascas das três cultivares estudadas; Cephalothecium roseum, causador do mofo róseo em amêndoas, na cultivar Frotscher. Aspergillus sp. e Penicillium sp., causadores de emboloramento e produtores de aflotoxinas foram observados em porcentuais representativos, em amêndoas da cultivar Frotscher e em amêndoas e cascas das cultivares Frotscher, Burkett e Moneymaker, respectivamente. Os maiores porcentuais de perda do rendimento foram observados na cultivar Burkett, por causa da incidência de Colletotrichum sp., causador da antracnose em amêndoas, que acarreta escurecimento e deterioração do produto final, levando-o ao descarte. Termos para indexação:Carya illinoensis, patologia de sementes, sanidade, armazenamento, Cladosporium caryigenum. ABSTRACTThe knowledgement of the natural behavior of the main diseases of Pecan nut is of utmost importance for the stablishment of an implantation plan for that culture. The phytosanitary control and cultural treatments should be performed in order not to change the quality of the final product. Nuts harvest in 2005 from Uraí-PR of Burkett, Frotscher and Moneymaker cultivars, were evaluated in order to identify and quantify associated microorganisms in the nuts and fruit cover, as well to observe the differences among the microorganisms that colonize the different cultivars. The fruits were evaluated at post-harvest, thirty days kept in natural temperature, through filter paper method, being submitted or not to surface assepsy. The fungi Cladosporium caryigenum, rancification promoter to the almonds was observed on almonds and covers on the cultivars Burkett, Frotscher and Moneymaker; Fusarium sp., was observed in high concentration, on almonds as well as on the cover of all the studied cultivars; Cephalothecium roseum, responsible for the pink mildew, in almonds in the Frotscher cultivar. Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp., responsible for mold and aflatoxins formation, were observed in high amount on almonds of the Frotscher cultivar and in almonds and cover of Frotscher, Burk...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.