This article aims to estimate the contribution of KIBS to the innovation system. Data on innovation gathered from national and European databases are analyzed using a methodology based on an input-output framework to estimate the drive for innovation in the Spanish economy and the contribution of KIBS. KIBS are found to be crucial to both the creation and diffusion of innovation. From among the four classifications of sectors analyzed herein, KIBS is found to be the only significant net generator of innovation.
Purpose The development of the short food supply chain (SFSC) is one of the issues of the current agri-food systems. Consumers are re-connecting the food they eat with the farming process and are increasingly asking for fresh, seasonal and traceable food products from known producer source. The purpose of this paper is to analyse consumers’ opinions towards the SFSC and willingness to pay (WTP) for local honeys in Mar del Plata, Argentina before and after a hedonic evaluation test. Design/methodology/approach In an incentive compatible approach, using real purchasing scenarios, two non-hypothetical discrete choice experiments were applied, accounting for the impact of the SFSC understanding and hedonic evaluation on consumers’ WTP. Findings Results showed that consumers’ WTP, a premium for local honey products, is conditioned to specific quality cues and the global sensory acceptance. Consumers with high level of agreement with the social and environmental roles of the SFSC were more quality demanding and exhibited higher WTP towards the locally produced honeys. The development of local market by re-connecting producers and consumers, allowing for in-site tasting, has a strong implication for the structure of the honey added-value chain due to the potential role that may play in satisfying consumers’ preference and needs. Originality/value The authors measured consumers’ opinions towards the SFSC and analyse their impact on consumer WTP for honey product by including real purchasing scenarios and hedonic evaluation test, to reduce the hypothetical bias of the traditional surveys. Questionnaires were completed in a controlled laboratory environment for with real product and real money.
This paper aims to analyze the innovative effort of the agri-food system (AFS) in the Valencian Autonomous Community (VC), Spain, estimating the intensity of innovation in each subsector of the AFS. The analysis distinguishes between the direct and indirect (or induced) innovation intensities incorporated by the acquisition of inputs from other subsectors produced in the VC or in the rest of Spain. The methodology employed is based on the inputoutput framework combined with data of technological innovation in enterprises. This methodology provides the novelty of been applied to a region -the VC-and not to a country as it is usually done. The results show that the weight of intersectoral flows in the total innovation effort of the AFS is significant with marked differences between primary and food industry. In most activities, embodied knowledge in inputs purchased from Spain is greater than embodied knowledge of inputs produced inside the region.Additional key words: embodied knowledge; food industry; input-output; intersectoral linkages; primary sector; Spain; Valencian region. Resumen Innovación y vínculos sectoriales en el sistema agroalimentario de la Comunidad ValencianaEste artículo analiza el esfuerzo innovador del sistema agroalimentario de la Comunidad Autónoma de Valencia (CAV), España, estimando la intensidad de innovación de cada subsector del sistema. El análisis distingue la intensidad de innovación directa y la intensidad indirecta (o inducida) incorporada en los inputs adquiridos por el sistema agroalimentario, indicando si es originada dentro o fuera de la región. La metodología empleada se basa en la utilización del marco input-output combinado con datos de innovación tecnológica en las empresas. Esta metodología aporta la novedad de ser aplicada a nivel regional -en la CAV-y no a nivel nacional, como se ha realizado hasta ahora. Los resultados muestran que el peso de los flujos intersectoriales en la innovación total del sistema agroalimentario es apreciable y muestra diferencias importantes entre la agricultura y la industria alimentaria. En casi todos los casos el conocimiento incorporado en insumos originados fuera de la región supera a los producidos dentro de la región.
Recent developments in innovation policy have challenged the initial assumptions of Smart Specialisation Strategies (S3), initially aimed at promoting innovation for regional growth. In response to the United Nations Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the new S3 seeks to address social and sustainable development challenges. The present study sets out to propose an extension of one of these reformed S3 approaches to a multilevel governance setting. The study will propose a governance model suitable to support innovation in the blue bioeconomy –those economic activities related to the living resources at sea–, in the Mediterranean.
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