Abstract. We study ground states and excited states in semiconductor quantum dots containing 1 to 12 electrons. For the first time, it is possible to identify the quantum numbers of the states in the excitation spectra and make a direct comparison to exact calculations. A magnetic field induces transitions between excited states and ground state. These transitions are discussed in terms of crossings between single-particle states, singlet-triplet transitions, spin polarization, and Hund's rule. Our impurity-free quantum dots allow for atomic physics experiments in magnetic field regimes not accessible for atoms.
An analysis of potassium-like Ni X in the 15-170 nm wavelength region is reported following observations involving collision-based spectroscopy and laser plasma spectroscopy. Forty five transitions from different excited states in Ni X are identified. Twenty new energy levels of Ni X have been established. The analysis was supported by Hartree-Fock calculations, isoelectronic comparison and the consistency of energy differences between transitions from common initial states. Compared to isoelectronic ions of lower Z, the doublet structure in this spectrum is effectively destroyed by 3p 6 5d, 6d + 3p 5 3d4p, 3p 4 3d 3 configuration interaction.
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