The 49‐item MMPI PTSD Subscale, developed and validated with Vietnam combat veterans, was administered to validation and cross‐validation samples of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) patients who had experienced non‐military traumatic events and to psychiatric controls (total N = 69). Using a cutting score of 19, derived from the validation sample only, the PTSD subscale correctly classified 87% of all validation subjects and 88% of all cross‐validation subjects. Results strongly support the utility of MMPI assessment of PTSD with civilian trauma victims as one component of a broad assessment strategy.
A study was conducted to measure cross-situational consistency of the orthogonal dimensions of the two-factor model of social-emotional functioning. According to this model, large proportions of variance in social-emotional functioning can be accounted for by two orthogonal, highly replicable dimensions. The setting was Hawthorne-Cedar Knolls, a long-term institution for emotionally disturbed and delinquent youths; the subjects were 206 residents of varied ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. Cross-situational correlations between school and cottage settings were found to be .52 for Factor II (Cooperation-Compliance versus Anger-Defiance) and .42 for Factor I (Interest-Participation versus Apathy-Withdrawal). The results confirm the consistency and discriminant validity hypotheses--specifically, correlations between the corresponding factors of different instruments measuring behavior in different settings were large, whereas correlations between noncorresponding factors were very low. The value of using broad, higher order factors in personality research on the trait versus situation issue is discussed.
A study was conducted to test the usefulness of the two-factor model in assessing social environments. Subjects were residents and staff at a residential treatment center for emotionally disturbed and/or delinquent boys and girls. Rating instruments consisted of (a) two parallel versions of Moos' Community-Oriented Programs Enivronment Scale (COPES), each worded so as to be appropriate to the setting being measured, and (b) global ratings of satisfaction with the environment. Principal component factor analyses, carried out separately on the youths' COPES-School and the youths' COPES-Cottage, yielded two orthogonal but similar factors in each environment. In a comparison with Moos' three-dimensional formulation of the social milieu, the two factors strongly resembled two of Moos' dimensions but were more independent, had greater validity, and discriminated between the two environments at a higher level of significance. The instruments derived from the factor analyses provide a simple procedure for assessing a variety of treatment programs and populations.
Previous research suggests that the alcoholic population can be meaningfully divided into subtypes, one of which is attention deficit disorder, residual type (ADDRT). The purpose of this study was to identify differences in personality profiles, as measured by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), between ADDRT alcoholics and other alcoholics. Groups of 50 male ADDRT alcoholics and 50 male nonADDRT alcoholics were administered the MMPI. Statistically significant differences were found for the D, PD, Pa, Pt. Sc. MA, Si, F and K scales: the ADDRT alcoholics scored significantly higher than the nonADDRT alcoholics on most of the scales, but significantly lower on the K scale.
Earlier research has demonstrated that alcoholics with or without attention deficit disorders, residual type (ADDRT) can be differentiated by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Clinical Scale Profiles. This study addressed the question of whether that differentiation was made by virtue of subtle or obvious aspects of the MMPI item pool. Groups of 30 of male alcoholics with or without ADDRT were individually matched on age and education variables. Statistically significant differences were found for the D-O, HY-O, HY-S, PD-O, PA-O, PA-S, MA-O, MA-S, ES and A scales.
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