Innovative monitoring systems based on sensor signals have emerged in recent years in view of their potential for diagnosing machining process conditions. In this context, preliminary applications of fast-response and low-cost piezoelectric diaphragms (PZT) have recently emerged in the grinding monitoring field. However, there is a lack of application regarding the grinding of ceramic materials. Thus, this work presents an analysis of the feasibility of using the acoustic emission signals obtained through the PZT diaphragm, together with digital signal processing in the time–frequency domain, in the monitoring of the surface quality of ceramic components during the surface grinding process. For comparative purpose, an acoustic emission (AE) sensor, commonly used in industry, was used as a baseline. The results obtained by the PZT diaphragm were similar to the results obtained using the AE sensor. The time–frequency analysis allowed to identify irregularities throughout the monitored process.
The quality control of the workpieces through reliable tests is of utmost importance in the manufacturing of a precision component. In this context, the monitoring of damages towards automation of the grinding process is essential for the manufacturing industry and of great interest for researchers of the area. This work proposes a technique for monitoring damages in steel parts in the grinding process, using low-cost piezoelectric diaphragms in the emitter and receiver configuration. The tests were performed in a surface grinding machine with aluminum oxide grinding wheel and SAE 4340 steel workpiece. The hardness measurements of the workpieces were carried out to identify the changes occurred from the grinding process. The signals from the transducers were sampled at a rate of 2 MHz. A spectrum analysis of the obtained signals was performed with the aim at characterizing the frequency ranges that were most related to the workpiece surface condition. The results demonstrated that the proposed method is effective to detect surface damage in steel parts in the grinding process.
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